1 / 22

The Protestant Reformation

The Protestant Reformation. Reformation or Revolution?. The Spark. October 31, 1517 – Wittenburg 95 Theses nailed to church door Response to Church Final straw: Johann Tetzel ’ s preaching on indulgences – for $ for St. Peter ’ s

tam
Télécharger la présentation

The Protestant Reformation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Protestant Reformation Reformation or Revolution?

  2. The Spark • October 31, 1517 – Wittenburg • 95 Theses nailed to church door • Response to Church • Final straw: Johann Tetzel’s preaching on indulgences – for $ for St. Peter’s • Indulgence: remission of temporal punishment due to sin --- VALID still today • selling invalid!

  3. Fanning the Flames • Pope Leo X – ignores call for council - so • Luther goes public writing tracts: • Vs. indulgences • Vs. Papal authority over Council • Vs. condemnation of Hus • Vs. 7 sacraments --- only baptism/communion • Vs. transubstantiation • Pro married clergy • Pro individual interpretation of Scripture • Pro sola scriptura • Pro justification by faith --- NOT works • Threatened with excommunication --- enter Charles V -- Who???? -- (aka Charles I of Spain)

  4. Holy Roman Emperor Charles V (aka Charles I of Spain) 1556 1519

  5. The Habsburg Dynasty • Maximilian I ---------Mary Habsburg(1493-1519) of Burgundy Philip of Burgundy----------Joanna of Castille (la loca) Charles V (1519-1556) Philip II------ (1556-1598) • Ferdinand----Isabella of Aragon of Castille Catherine--Henry VIII of Aragon of Eng. ---------Mary Tudor “Other nations wage war; you, Austria, marry.”

  6. The Flames Leap Up • Threatened with excommunication • Refuses to retract • Condemned & excommunicated by Leo X • Exsurge Domine • Luther publicly burns the bull! • Charles V – sees need to end heresy • Calls Diet of Worms • Luther says – can’t go vs. conscience • “God help me! Amen.” • Banned from Holy Roman Empire • Saxony Elector & others protect him • Writes German edition of Bible

  7. The Reformation Spreads • Luther denies authority soo can’t others? • Call to German nationalism! • Lutheran princes form Schmalkald League vs. Rome • Peasant War-based on Luther’s teaching of equality-Luther condemns, says it is equality for salvation-not here on earth • Back in France --- Francis I (Valois) --- vs. Charles --- b/c he’s sandwiched • Sig: Catholic w/Prot vs. Catholic!!!!! • fought in Italy--- (oops – mercenaries attack Rome!)

  8. Peace of Augsburg1555 • STATUS QUO!!! • What is Protestant remains so (N) • What is Catholic remains so (S) • Cuius regio, eius religio • But doesn’t mean tolerance!!!!

  9. Part II: ZWINGLI 1484-1531 • Hellenist – friend of Erasmus • “People’s Priest” in Zurich, Switzerland • Teaching – vs. all authority • No Mass – only a memorial • Condemned relics, incense, pilgrimages… • Iconoclasm: destroyed images + crucifix • Determined to take over Switzerland • Dies in battle 1531 • ANABAPTISTS: disgruntled Zwinglians

  10. John Calvin 1509-1556 • Layman – French, fled to Geneva • SYSTEMATIZED PROTESTANT THOUGHT • Institutes of the Christian Religion • Teachings: • salvation through Scripture alone • justification by faith • no dancing, cards, drink… • Predestination-seen outwardly through wealth • Presbyterian (Reformed) --- Knox • PREDESTINATION – Man totally corrupt • Huguenots (French) / Puritans (US)

  11. Part III: THE ENGLISH REFORMATION • Not “Lutheran” --- Causes Different • Henry VIII & Catherine of Aragon -1521 “Defender of the Faith” vs. Luther! -Henry wants a son! --- so Anne Boleyn -asks Pope Clement VII for annulment Yes? – then Julius II wrong No? - Henry may throw a fit So???????

  12. The Plot Thickens. . . • Clement VII stalls • 1529 Henry head “as far as the law of Christ allows” • Thomas More made Lord Chancellor – but resigns! • 1533 Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury, declares the marriage null!!! • 1534 Act of Supremacy • 1534 Oath of Supremacy: “the only supreme head on earth of the Church of England” • 1535 Thomas More executed • 1539 6 Articles --- “Catholic” except for supremacy • 1535-39 Dissolution of monasteries “bare ruined choirs where late the sweet bird sang” • Ireland:::Church driven underground - illegal

  13. I’m Henry the VIII, I am. . . Catherine of Aragon m.1507?-1533 Children: Mary Tudor Divorced

  14. Henry the VIII, I am… Anne Boleyn, m.1533-1536 Children: Elizabeth I Accused of adultery Beheaded Elizabeth I

  15. … I am … Jane Seymour m. 1536-1537 Children: Edward VI (ah!) Dies in childbirth

  16. I’m Henry the VIII, I am. . . Anne of Cleves m. 1537 “annulled” (i.e.--- divorced)

  17. Henry the VIII, I am. . . Catherine Howard m. 1540-1542 Accused of adultery Beheaded!

  18. I’m Henry the VIII, I am. . . Katherine Parr m. 1543-1547 Survives!!! Henry dies!

  19. …back to our story • Edward VI 1547-1553 • 9 years old – sickly – so Archbishop Thomas Cranmer (Prot) rules • English Church became more Protestant • Book of Common Prayer, 1549 (Revised 1553) • 42 Articles, 1551 --- repeals 6 Articles • Calvinist ideas on the rise / Clergy marry • But then….. • 1553 – Edward dies – Who will rule England???

  20. But then what happened? • Mary Tudor (daughter of Catherine) • 1553-1558 • Marries Philip II of Spain (Charlie’s son) • Tries to bring England back to Rome! • Called “Bloody Mary” for executing Cranmer, Latimer – and 300 other Protestants

  21. Queen Elizabeth I 1558-1603 • Diplomacy: middle line between Puritans / Catholic • “Elizabethan Settlement” – outward conformity or fine (or death for Catholics) • Act of Supremacy, 1559 • Repealed Pro-Catholic laws • Act of Uniformity, 1559 • Modified version of Book of Common Prayer • 39 Articles, 1563 • Defined the teachings of Anglican Church

  22. Queen Elizabeth I 1558-1603 • Challenges: • Protestants called Puritans • Duke of Norfolk’s revolt, 1569 – executed • Mary Queen of Scots • Accused of plots vs. Eliz. 1567-1587 – executed • Philip II of Spain • Spanish Armada, 1588

More Related