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This overview explores President John F. Kennedy's multifaceted approach to the Cold War, including the "Flexible Response" strategy that addressed emerging global instabilities, the escalation of nuclear arms, and the bolstering of conventional forces and special operations. It highlights key events such as the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Bay of Pigs invasion, and significant initiatives in Latin America, including a $20 billion aid program aimed at fighting poverty. Kennedy's leadership redefined America's role in a world marked by the space race and geopolitical tensions, culminating in his assassination in 1963.
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A Flexible Response • An increasingly instable world • Nuclear Power • Conventional Weapons and Troops • Increased Special Forces
Alliance for Progress • Latin America • Series of aid projects • $20 Billion • Schools, housing, health care, land distribution • Mixed results
The Peace Corp • Fighting Poverty • Sent Americans to provide services • 2-year volunteer program • Health care, infrastructure, education • Still exists today
The Space Race • Soviets put first man into orbit • Fears rose that this might convince the world Communism was superior to capitalism • Kennedy focused on putting a man on the moon • July 20, 1969
The Bay of Pigs • Cuban alliance with the Soviets aroused fears • CIA trained Cuban exiles • La Brigada • 1400 men landed at the Bay of Pigs • Supposed to incite an uprising • Disaster
The Berlin Wall • 1961 • Khrushchev demanded all of Berlin for the Soviets • Kennedy refused • Khrushchev built a wall blocking free movement into and out of Berlin
The Cuban Missile Crisis • Fall of 1962 • Soviets placed missiles in Cuba • Kennedy ordered a naval blockade • Demanded the missile site be dismantled • Nuclear war seemed imminent • An agreement was made to remove missiles from Cuba and from Turkey
Assassination • November 22, 1963in Dallas, Texas • President Kennedy was shot twice • Lee Harvey Oswald • Killed by Jack Ruby • Investigated by the Warren Commission • Concluded Oswald acted alone • Conspiracy Theories persist