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Normal X-Ray Anatomy. Axial and Appendicular Skeleton William Ursprung, DC. Lesson Objectives. Identify anatomical structures on plain film radiographs Identify the views commonly used to radiograph the skeletal system
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Normal X-Ray Anatomy Axial and Appendicular Skeleton William Ursprung, DC
Lesson Objectives • Identify anatomical structures on plain film radiographs • Identify the views commonly used to radiograph the skeletal system • Utilize a basic search pattern to screen plain film radiographs for pathology
Basic Rules for Interpretation • Plain films are a 2 dimensional gray scale image of a 3 dimensional anatomical structure • Four basic densities • Metal = very bright (white) • Bone = bright (white) • Water/soft tissue = (various shades of gray) • Air = dark (black)
Basic Rules for Interpretation • Rule of thumb for radiographs: min. of 2 views that are offset by 90° for any body part • ABOLTS search pattern • A = anatomy • B = breaks or step defects in the cortex • O = opacities (ie blastic lesion, impacted fx) • L = lucencies (ie lytic lesion, displaced fx) • T= trabecular architecture • S = soft tissues (swelling, mass, fascial planes)