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Enzymes

Enzymes. What is an enzyme?. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions in the body. In digestion, enzymes can break molecules (Substrates) into smaller subunits. Enzymes can also synthesize (or put together) smaller molecules into larger ones. Enzymes: pH and temperature.

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Enzymes

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  1. Enzymes

  2. What is an enzyme? • Enzymes speed up chemical reactions in the body. In digestion, enzymes can break molecules (Substrates) into smaller subunits. Enzymes can also synthesize (or put together) smaller molecules into larger ones.

  3. Enzymes: pH and temperature • Some digestive enzymes work under specific pH levels and temperatures. • pH= a measure of how acidic or basic something is. Scale measures 014. A pH of 7 is considered neutral. Anything below 7 is an acid. Anything above 7 is a base. • Ex:

  4. Examples of digestive enzymes: • Amylase= Breaks carbohydrates into simple sugars at a pH of 6.9-7.0 in the mouth. • Protease= Breaks protein into amino acids at a pH of 2.0 ( ex. pepsin in the stomach) • Lipase= Breaks lipids (fats) into fatty acids at a pH of 8.0 in the small intestine.

  5. Describe the effect of pH on the activity of each of the enzymes. • Chymotrypsin • Cholinesterase • Pepsin • Papain

  6. Trypsin Rate of reaction Pepsin Pepsin Trypsin pH • Which enzyme would function best in an acidic environment? Justify. • Which enzyme would function best in a basic environment? Justify. • At what pH would each enzyme function BEST? Justify.

  7. Which enzyme would function best in an acidic environment? Justify. • Which enzyme would function best in a basic environment? Justify. • At what pH would each enzyme function BEST? Justify. • At which pH would both enzymes function TOGETHER? Justify.

  8. Use the graph to explain how mammalian enzyme is different from plant enzyme. Come up with a possible explanation this difference

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