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Layers of the Earth

This resource explores the layers of the Earth, emphasizing the concept of density, which is essential for understanding Earth's structure. It covers the inner composition and physical properties of the crust, mantle, and core, highlighting distinctions such as oceanic versus continental crust. The text explains the weight differences between Coke and Diet Coke to illustrate density principles. The Earth's layers are further categorized into lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, and inner core, detailing their thickness and composition.

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Layers of the Earth

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  1. Layers of the Earth Kim Lachler 2010 NCES 6.E.1.3

  2. Density • Before talking about the layers of the earth it is important to understand density.

  3. Density • Density = Mass/Volume • Coke/diet coke demo • Both cans have the same volume. • Why did the coke sink and the diet float? • Coke has more sugar, therefore more mass per volume.

  4. There are 2 different models to show the layers of the Earth. The_Inner_Structure_of_the_Earth.mov • Composition • It is based on the compounds of the Earth. In other words, what they are made of. • Physical Structure - It is based on the physical properties. In other words, what it is like.

  5. Composition Layers Crust Mantle Core

  6. CompositionLayers • The crust • Outer most layer • Thinnest layer • 5 -100 km thick ( the ocean or a mountain) • Less than 1% of the Earth’s mass

  7. Composition Layers • Oceanic crust • Denser • Consist mainly of the elements iron, calcium, and magnesium. • Continental crust • Less dense • Consist mainly of oxygen, silicon, and aluminum.

  8. Composition Layers • The mantle • Denser then the crust • Contains more magnesium • 2,900 km thick • Makes up 67% of the Earth’s mass

  9. Composition Layers • Core • Center of the Earth • Denser • Containing Iron and Nickel • 3,430 km thick • 33% of the Earth’s mass

  10. Physical Layers lithosphere asthensphere mesosphere outer core inner core

  11. Physical Layers • Lithosphere • Rigid layer • Outer most layer • 15 – 300 km thick • Consists of the crust and the outer most part of the mantle • Divided into pieces (tectonic plates)

  12. Physical Layers • Asthenosphere • Solid rock • 250 km thick • Plastic layer of the mantle • What the lithosphere moves on

  13. Physical Layers • Mesosphere • Stronger • Lower portion of the mantle • 2550 km thick

  14. PhysicalLayers • Outer Core • Liquid • Melted Iron and Nickel • 2,200 km thick

  15. Physical Layers • Inner Core • Solid • Consist of Iron and Nickel • 1,230 km thick • Hottest layer • If it is hotter than the outer core than why is it not liquid like the outer core? • Too much pressure!!!!!!

  16. Bibliography • Holt, Rinehart, Winston, North Carolina Holt Science & Technology, Orlando, Fl, 2005 • Google Images , Layers of the Earth http://www.google.com/images?hl=en&source=imghp&q=layers+of+the+earth&btnG=Search+Images&gbv=2&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&oq=&gs_rfai= accessed 9/26/2010

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