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ISIS and XML

ISIS and XML. an introduction by E. de Smet, Univ. of Antwerp. What is XML ?. eXtensible Markup Language Language : a set of codes, HTML-like, i.e. in between brackets < and > Markup : ‘in stream’ codes to identify structural (not lay-out) parts of a document

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ISIS and XML

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  1. ISIS and XML an introductionby E. de Smet, Univ. of Antwerp

  2. What is XML ? • eXtensible Markup Language • Language : a set of codes, HTML-like, i.e. in between brackets < and > • Markup : ‘in stream’ codes to identify structural (not lay-out) parts of a document • eXtensible : codes are defined in a ‘DTD’ (Document Type Definition) and everybody can produce a DTD • W³-consortium standard, now becoming the most important file-formatting language (e.g. MS Office 2003)

  3. SGML, HTML and XML • Standardized General Markup Language (80’s) : founding ‘father’, very generic but too complicated, still in use (electronic publishing); introduced concept of ‘DTD’ • HTML (90’s) : HyperText Markup Language (WWW), in fact based on one SGML-DTD • XML (00’s) : focussing on contents and structure, instead of layout

  4. XML DTD • defines which elements are possible in a document • <!DOCTYPE books [ • !DOCTYPE is the tag for starting a document type declaration, which specifies the type of document you are validating against. It contains either the validation data or a reference to the location of the file with these data. • ‘books’ is the name you are giving this type of document • [ announces the beginning of DTD data : all ‘elements’ need to be declared

  5. XML DTD (cont’d) • example of elements ‘grammar’ : <! Element doctype (book|article|report) “book“> • doctype is the name of the element. • (book|article|report) are the values it can contain. • “book" is the default value. If you don't include this attribute in the XML tag, it will assume the value is “book" . • Attributes : <!Attlist element CDATA>

  6. XML DTD (cont’d) • example elements-definition : • <!ELEMENT book (author+, title, publisher)> • <!ATTLIST book year CDATA> • <!ELEMENT article (author+, title, year?, (shortversion|longversion))> • <!ATTLIST article type CDATA> • <!ELEMENT publisher (name, address)> • <!ELEMENT author (firstname?, lastname)> • ? = not or once • * = not, once or more than once • + = once or more than once

  7. XML DTD (cont’d) • example of a record using this DTD : • <bib> • <book> • <!-- A good introductory text --> • <title> The CDS/ISIS for Windows Handbook </title> • <author> <lastname>Hopkinson</lastname> <firstname>Alan</firstname></author> • <publisher> <name>BLA</name> <address>London</address> </publisher> • </book> • </bib>

  8. ISIS and XML • XML can describe any type of document • ISIS deals with semi-structured data • XML is perfect to describe semi-structured data (esp. * conforms with ISO-2709 fields characteristics) • Remark : XML can also be used for full structured databases (E-business!) • ISIS : confined to 3 levels, XML not ->importing in ISIS requires level reduction

  9. ISIS and XML : importing • XML2ISIS : a free, independent tool to import XML-formatted data into an ISIS-database (ISO-file) • requires hierarchical ‘tree’ definition and defining which XML-tags go to which ISIS-fields (with reduction) • demo of the interface of XML2ISIS

  10. XML2ISIS interface

  11. ISIS and XML : exporting • built-in function from WinISIS 1.4 (build 19f): ‘utils’-menu option • MFN-range or search result as source • can deal with subfields and repeatable fields • DTD as part or separate file, using tags or fieldnames • field selection possible • demo on ASFA-database…

  12. ISIS2XML interface

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