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Chapter 7

PERSONAL HEALTH. Chapter 7. Functions of the Skin. Integumentary System – Skin, hair and nails. It is one of the body’s main systems.

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Chapter 7

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  1. PERSONAL HEALTH Chapter 7

  2. Functions of the Skin • Integumentary System – Skin, hair and nails. It is one of the body’s main systems. • The skin itself is the body’s largest organs. It serves as a protective cover. It also helps cushion your internal organs and tissues and serves as the body’s first line of defense against infectious diseases. • The skin also provides protection against UV Rays from the sun. • The skin helps in the regulation of body temperature.

  3. Functions of the Skin Cont…… • The skin has an enormous supply of tiny blood vessels just beneath the surface. As internal heat is circulated through surface blood vessels, the heat is lost through a process called RADIATION. • When this happens, you start to perspire thus cooling the skin to help regulate your body’s temperature. • This perspiration is made possible by SWEAT GLANDS.

  4. Healthy Skin • Every morning and every evening, you should wash your skin on your face with soap and water. Pat your skin dry and not rub it dry. If you use cosmetics, avoid greasy preps, as they will clog your skins pores. • Eating a well balanced diet rich in Vitamin A helps promote healthy skin. • Milk, egg yolks, liver, green leafy and yellow veggies and yellow fruits are good sources of Vitamin A.

  5. Skin and the SUN • Everyone should know that too much SUN on the skin is BAD for you. Some people tan more easily than others because of the Melanin in their body. • UV Rays are the light rays that come from the sun. • There are (2) types of UV Rays that are important in considering the sun’s effects on the human body.

  6. Skin and the SUN Cont……. • Short Rays – More intense rays found in the middle of the day and are the main cause of sunburn in people. • Long Rays – are in the morning and late afternoon and are less strong. • On hazy or cloudy days, up to 80% of UV Rays can penetrate haze, light clouds, or fog. • UV Rays can also reflect upward from the ground such as off snow and water causing damage to the skin. • Snow sends back 85% of the rays it reflects.

  7. Did You Know????? • The average person sheds 1 ½ pounds of skin particles each year. • You are not safe from UV exposure on hazy or cloudy days. YOU STILL NEED TO WEAR SUNSCREEN!!!!! • Don’t forget your ears when applying sunscreen, half of all SQUAMOUS CELL TUMORS are located on the ears!!!!

  8. Sunburns…………… • It takes about two to eight hours after exposure for a sunburn to show. • The pain is greatest about 6 to 48 hours after exposure. • Excessive sunburns can destroy the elastic fibers that keep the skin tight. • This causes skin to age prematurely. • UV RAYS also damages DNA which is the genetic material in skin cells. BAD! BAD! BAD!

  9. Sunburns Cont……… • Accumulated DNA damage can result in the formation of cancerous cells. • Excessive sun exposure is the primary cause of certain types of skin cancer. • The effects of sun on your skin may not show up for years and cannot be stopped with any cosmetic ointments. • These effects are cumulative and build up over years.

  10. Body Piercing and Tattooing • When one punctures the skin in Tattooing and Piercing, certain pathogens, agents that causes diseases, enter the body. • The biggest concern is the equipment used to do these services. Many of them are not sterile and clean, and this poses a serious health threat.

  11. TATOOS are forever!!!!! • Once you get a tattoo, it is VERY EXPENSIVE to remove them and even then, you cannot totally remove the ink.

  12. Skin Problems…………. • Acne – clogging of the pores of the skin. • Sebaceous Glands – structures within the skin that produce an oily secretion called SEBUM. • When these glands enlarge, they produce excess SEBUM. • During adolescence, the increase in hormone production causes the glands to enlarge and produce more SEBUM. • This causes oily skin.

  13. Skin Problems Cont……. • Keeping the skin clean is one of the most important things you can do as a teenager. • When oil becomes trapped, bacteria form causing infection or what we know as ZITS!!! • Medical lotions and creams also help in the reduction of acne.

  14. Your Hair • Humans have hair present on almost all of their skin surfaces of their bodies. • You have between 100,000 and 200,000 hairs on your head alone. • The roots of hairs are made up of living cells. • These grow out of FOLLICLES, which are tiny pits in the skin. • The up-growth of dead cells and KERATIN, which is a protein that also makes up nails and the outer layer of the skin.

  15. Your Hair Cont……… • This forms the root that forms the hair. • Proper care includes washing your hair regularly. • Brushing your hair daily helps keep dirt from building up and helps distribute the natural hair oils evenly. • These oils help keep the hair soft and give it shine!!!!

  16. Hair Problems • Dandruff – is a condition in which the outer layer of dead skin cells is shed and it’s a common hair and scalp problem. • Head Lice are small, wingless insects that live on and suck blood from the scalp causing severe itching and infection.

  17. Your Nails • Your fingernails and toenails are dead cells that grow from the outer layer of your skin. Living cells extend from the root of the nail, below the skin, to just above the base of the nail. As living cells die and are replaced, they are pushed up, forming the rest of the nails. • Cut your nails regularly to keep bacteria and other diseases from form under your nails.

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