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Wednesday 4/2/14

Wednesday 4/2/14. RAP Who was Sun Yat-sen? Mao Zedong? Chiang Kai-shek? How did China feel after WWI? Explain. Today: Review China questions— “Long March” Read Japan– answer questions short video on “China Incident”. China. Review questions from Thursday.

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Wednesday 4/2/14

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  1. Wednesday 4/2/14 RAP Who was Sun Yat-sen? Mao Zedong? Chiang Kai-shek? How did China feel after WWI? Explain. Today: Review China questions— “Long March” Read Japan– answer questions short video on “China Incident”

  2. China • Review questions from Thursday. • Read Japan and answer questions on the reading.

  3. China’s Drive for Modernization: Ch. 19.3—pages • China never was entirely controlled by European power • Lacked a strong military to ensure respect. • Treaty of Versailles granted Japan control of the Shandong province. HUMILITATING TO THE CHINESE!! • 1919, STUDENTS PROTEST

  4. Chinese Republic • China was declared a republic in 1912, by Sun Yat-sen–China’s revolutionary leader. • Two months later Yuan Shigaiturned the republic into a dictatorship. • Yuan died in 1916 and China then slipped into chaos. Divided between military leaders called warlords. • The Soviet Union aided the Chinese in 1923, allowing a young officer named Chiang Kai-shek to come into power in the Guomindang party. • Sun yat - sen died in 1925, leaving Chiang to lead the army to victory over the war lords.

  5. Rivalry with communists • Peasants, intellectuals, and urban workers supported the communist party. • 1927, the communists attempted to take over the Guomindang party, but failed. • Guomindang soldiers killed tens of thousands of Communists • Tens of thousands of Communists fled to the mountains. • Formed the Red army and were led by Mao Zedong or Tse Tung

  6. Rivalry continued • Living conditions for peasants were the same over centuries. • Landlords became wealthy • Red Army gained support because they supported the power—equality • 1930s—Chiang ordered “extermination campaigns” to destroy the Red army. • Mao—”the enemy advances, we retreat; the enemy camps, we harass; the enemy tires, we attack; the enemy retreats, we pursue. • 1934, the Guomindang army nearly surrounded the Communists. • Mao and 100,000 other retreated.

  7. The Long March • Mao’s retreat lasted one year and was known as the long march. • Marched 16 miles a day, crossed rivers and mountains, defeated armies along the way. • Marchers stretched for nearly 50 miles. • Soldiers froze, starved, or died in battle • Fewer than 8,000 survived.

  8. Threat from Japan • 1931, Japan conquered Manchuria • Mao offered assistance to Chiang to battle the Japanese, but was rejected by Chiang. • Manchurian forces kidnapped Chiang and held him captive until he ended the war with the communists, but it did little. • Japan takes over most of China by 1939. • Video clip of Mao 22 minutes

  9. Japan • Notes on vocab • People • Social and political tensions • Industrial growth • Changes politically and socially • Militarism • Video—Japan invades China • Manchuria • Shanghai • Rape of Nanking

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