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Chapter 4

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  1. Chapter 4 Young Geographers

  2. What does Geography look like? • Sample lessons— • Flat Stanley • The Erie Canal • Sending exchange packages • Making adobe houses • The World Wide Travel Agency • Making classroom maps • School wide Geography immersion

  3. 1. What is Geography? • Geography is the study of the connections between people and places on Earth. • It is the science of space and place. • It brings together the physical and human dimensions of the world in the study of people, places, and environments.

  4. What Is Geography? Geography- The study of: WHEREplaces are located, WHYplaces are located where they are, HOWthose places affect the lives of people, and HOWpeople interact with their environment.

  5. Why Geography?

  6. 2. Why is Geography important? • Global Society/interconnected world • Illiteracy of students in US • Four reasons • Existential: understand where you are • Ethical: understand interdependency and basis for cooperating • Intellectual: become better informed; therefore make better decisions • Practical: better equipped to solve problems

  7. The Power of Geography Outsourcing Imports Exports Globalization Economic Reason

  8. The Power of Geography Global Warming http://www.oftheworld.tv/0405/amazon1.htm Energy and the Environment http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6407196/ Environmental Reason

  9. The Power of Geography Diplomacy Terrorism U. S. Military Geo-Political Reason

  10. The Power of Geography As our world becomes ever more interconnected, a practical knowledge of geography becomes more critical. Citizens need to understand people and cultures in order to make informed decisions about our role in world affairs. Geo-Political Reason

  11. The Power of Geography World Heritage Sites National Parks Aesthetic Reason

  12. The Power of Geography Geography is visual. It captures the imagination and stimulates curiosity about the world; its diverse inhabitants and places, as well as about local and regional diversity. Often the classroom is a student’s first “window on the world.” Aesthetic Reason

  13. 3. What is the content of Geography? • National Geography Standards Six Essential Elements • The World in Spatial Terms • Places and Regions • Physical Systems • Human Systems • Environment and Society • Uses of Geography • NC Standard Course of Study

  14. 3. What should young geographers know and be able to do? • Five Themes of Geography (a way of organizing the content) • Location • Place • Relationships within Places (Human-Environmental Interaction) • Movement • Regions

  15. 4. How should Geography be taught? • Teacher Guided Discovery • Observation • Speculation • Investigation • Extension • Reinforcement • Evaluation

  16. Independent Projects • Opening • Investigating or producing • Culminating activity

  17. 5. Maps: the Tools of Geographers • A map is a graphic representation of the Earth’s surface drawn to scale, as seen from above. • Students need the basic skills to construct maps and to interpret maps. • Map skills and understandings are developmental—children must build and play before formal map reading can begin.

  18. Basic map skills for early grades • Locating places • Recognizing and expressing relative location • Interpreting map symbols • Developing a basic idea of relative size and scale • Reading directions • Understanding the globe is the most accurate representation of the earth’s surface

  19. Some types of maps for early elementary • Three dimensional classroom maps • Flat maps • Model communities • Story maps • Mental maps

  20. Refining map skills – primary grades • Map Symbols • Direction • Scale • The Globe • Understand the basic roundness of the Earth • Understand the differences between land (continents) and water areas • Begin to locate the poles, major cities and the US

  21. Basic map skills for upper elementary • Place location and direction • Latitude and longitude • Relative location • Map symbols • Scale • Reading a globe

  22. Some types of maps for upper elementary • Political maps • Physical maps • Topographical maps • Raised relief maps • Weather maps • Special purpose maps • Historical maps • Road maps • Globes

  23. Teacher Reference Websites for Geography • National Council for Geography Education http://www.ncge.org • National Geographic Society http://www.ngsednet.org • North Carolina Geography Alliance http://www.ngsednet.org/ncga • Google Earth http://www.Earth.google.com

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