1 / 14

Settling down, Building Cities, & Establishing states

This article delves into the evolution of social complexity within early human settlements, particularly focusing on the Natufian culture. It explores the internal and external factors that led to the establishment of permanent villages, addressing the implications of growing population sizes, labor division, and occupational specialization. Archaeological evidence, such as grave goods from different cultures, illustrates changes in social stratification. Additionally, it discusses how the transition to sedentism influenced health, disease prevalence, and nutrition, highlighting the challenges and advancements brought forth by these significant societal shifts.

benoit
Télécharger la présentation

Settling down, Building Cities, & Establishing states

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Settling down, Building Cities, & Establishing states Part 2

  2. Why the Rise of Social complexity? • Hypotheses centered on: • 1. • 2. • 3. • Many hypotheses proposed • _____________________________ External factors and Internal factors

  3. Natufians • _______________ • Wild cereals, nuts, & wild game • ______________ __________________ sedentism • 2 dozen villages (~40-150ppl) • Architecture • Implications of social stratification

  4. What is social complexity? • Natufians were at first an _____________________ • What is egalitarian? _________ __________________ Social Complexity 1. 2. 3.

  5. Complex Society • 1. increase in population size • 2. extensive division of labor • 3. occupational specialization • These are associated with ‘social complexity’

  6. Archaeological evidence of social complexity Temple of the Giant Jaguar • 1. ___________ • Mayan Civilization • Tikal, Guatemala • Dominated the Maya region politically, economically, and militarily

  7. Archaeological evidence of social complexity • 2. grave goods Peru: 1200yr old Wari ceramic flask Peru: Funeral Chamber with Gold & Pottery

  8. Archaeological evidence of social complexity Varna, Bulgaria: Elite Grave Goods, Varna Necropolis 4500-4000 BC • 2. grave goods

  9. Archaeological evidence of social complexity • 3. _______________________________ • Example: _________________________________ • Occupational specialization

  10. Evolution of Disease • 99% human history we were hunter-gatherers • Common diseases: _______________________ • __________________: minimum contact with disease vectors • 10-12,000yrs ago lifestyle change: • Domestication of plants, animals • More sedentary, increased population density • Urbanization, industrialization =_______________

  11. Agricultural Populations • Sedentary, larger population = continuous exposure to vectors _________________________ • Many infectious diseases from: • ___________________________________ • Agriculture DOES NOT = _________________ • Few crops, crop failure ___________________ • Carbohydrates __________________

  12. Agriculture and Human Health • Prevalence of Infectious Disease • Nutrition Consequences • 1. • 2. • A. • B.

  13. Consequences of Modernity:“Diseases of Civilization” • Infectious Diseases  _______________________ • Metabolic Stress/Parasitism • Dental decay • Chronic diseases _____________________________ • Industrial cultural behaviors that lead to various, recent ailments • _________________________

  14. Modern Health: The 10 / 90 Disequilibrium ___________________________________ What is 90% of the health research being devoted to?

More Related