1. Perspectives on Personality Today our focus is on the Psychoanalytic Perspective

2. According to the text… Personality—an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting Add to this--pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that persists over time and across situations

3. Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic • Causes of behavior are part of an interplay of inner sources that often conflict with one another • Unconscious plays a role in behavior

4. Freud’s Most Famous Contributions to Psychology • Psychosexual stages of development (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital) • Structure of personality (id, ego, superego) • Dream interpretation • Defense mechanisms

5. Structure of Personality • Id • Ego • Superego

6. ID • Acts on the pleasure principle—seeks gratification • Id wants what IT wants when IT wants it • Is not concerned with consequences • Cannot operate in reality except through reflexes and wish fulfillment (daydreaming, dreams)

7. SUPEREGO • Storehouse of values and moral attitudes • The common notion of a conscience • Inner voice of “shoulds” and “should nots” • Ego ideal—an individual’s view of the kind of person he she should strive to become

8. EGO • The ego is reality-based that acts as a mediator b/w id and superego • Governed by the reality principle—puts reasonable choices before pleasurable demands

11. Adult Characteristics of Children who have been fixated at each stage

12. Defense Mechanisms • Mental strategies the ego uses to defend itself in the daily conflict between id impulses that seek expression and the superego’s demand to deny them

14. Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic • Sigmund Freud Freud’s views were so revolutionary that a splinter group formed, neo-freudians or neoanalytic theorists who disagreed with some of Freud’s concepts. They include: • Erik Erikson • Carl Jung • Karen Horney • Alfred Adler