Warm-up 3-25-14

1. Warm-up 3-25-14 • What is the difference between a renewable and a non renewable resources? • What is an example of a nonrenewable resource? • What is an example of a renewable resource?

2. Oil • Refined into many different energy products • gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, heating oil • If consumption increases and no new sources are found, oil supplies may be exhausted in another 30 years or so • Over 50 percent of the world's oil is found in the Middle East • Over 70 percent of oil fields are near tectonic plate boundaries

3. Oil Pros Cons Pollution Limited supplies • Relatively inexpensive fuel source • Same amount of oil creates more energy than coal • Burns cleaner - 50 percent less sulfur dioxide than coal

4. Natural Gas • Natural gas is a mixture of gases • Mostly methane, some ethane, propane, and butane • Estimate of natural gas reserves is about 100 million metric tons • At current usage, this supply will last an estimated 100 years • Propane and butane are removed from the natural gas and made into liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) • Most is found in Eastern Europe and the Middle East

5. Natural Gas Pros Cons Pollution Limited supplies • Cleanest burning fossil fuel • Easy and inexpensive to transport once pipelines are in place

7. Renewable Energy Sources • Solar photovoltaics • Solar thermal power • Passive solar air and water heating • Wind • Hydropower • Biomass • Ocean energy • Geothermal • Waste to Energy

8. Solar Power • Advantages • Efficient • Cost-effective • Hot water heating • Efficient • Pays off in 5-7 years • Sometimes less reliable • Not effective in all climates

9. Solar Power • Photovoltaic Cells • Inefficient, Expensive • Require batteries to store energy • Variable quality of electricity • Manufacturing is energy intensive and creates chemical and solid waste

10. Wind • Efficient • Noisy • Unsightly • Requires large amount of space for large-scale applications

11. Geothermal • Uses Earth’s internal heat to produce steam (which turns turbines to generate electricity) • Efficient • Depends on regional geology • Cost efficiency • Longevity

12. Tidal • Inefficient • Limited to few geographic locations • Low environmental impact

13. Hydroelectric Power

14. What is hydroelectric power • Running water moves turbines • Spinning of turbines produces electricity • Usually involves building a dam on a river to control water flow

15. Advantages of hydroelectric power • Renewable • No carbon dioxide emissions • Non-polluting • Powered by rivers, which flow because of gravity pulling water down hill

16. Disadvantages • Dams prevent fish and other river life from swimming upstream to spawn • Dams trap sediment, creating erosion problems downstream • Flooding behind dams displaces people and wildlife • Dams create an artificial lake in which stratifies • warm, oxygen-rich water on top • cold, oxygen-poor water on bottom • Water released is either too warm or does not have enough oxygen for downstream organisms

17. Exit Ticket • How can solar panel farms harm the environment? • Will we ever run out of oil reserves? If so, how soon. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6neSdVOh_BM