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Term 2: Lecture 1 Essay Topics & Frame works

Term 2: Lecture 1 Essay Topics & Frame works. Topic 1: Global Impact of the 2008 Financial Crisis: Comparing Canada and the Third World Countries (One county or the Developing World in general, with examples on countries)

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Term 2: Lecture 1 Essay Topics & Frame works

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  1. Term 2: Lecture 1 Essay Topics & Frame works

  2. Topic 1: Global Impact of the 2008 Financial Crisis: Comparing Canada and the Third World Countries (One county or the Developing World in general, with examples on countries) Framework: Formulate a framework using the arguments and concepts from one or more Kit Articles 1-5 and from Term 1 lecture 5 on Financial Crisis.

  3. Topic 2: Women and Globalized Labour: Comparing Canada and India or a country in Latin America (or women in Latin America in general, as some articles draw upon examples from a few countries) Framework: Formulate a framework using WST concepts and the arguments presented in lectures, Kit articles # 7-10, and in one or more of the articles in theDeveloping World(Articles # 50-55, Developing World 2012-2013,). Also, you may find the following articles (to be accessed through York U electronic data base), useful: Gideon, J (2006). Accessing Economic and Social Rights under Neoliberalism: Gender and Rights in Chile,Third World Quarterly, 27, 7: 1269 – 1283; Agarwala, Rina (2007). Resistance and Compliance in the Age of Globalization: Indian Women and Labor Organizations, The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 610: 143-159.

  4. Topic 3: Causes and Condition of Aboriginal or Child/Youth Poverty: Comparing Canada and India or a country in Latin America (or Child/youth in Latin America in general, as some articles draw upon examples from a few countries) • Framework: Formulate a framework using WST concepts and the arguments in lectures, and in the articles related to children (Articles 11-16) in your Term 2 course kit. For a better grade, it is important that you integrate as many of the kit articles as sources on Child/youth. Also, you will be wise to use the following excellent report posted on course webpage: Canadian Council on Social Development (CCSD) (2006). The Impact of North American Economic Integration on Children, http://www.ccsd.ca/pubs/2006/cina/econ_integration.pdf (accessed 1 July, 2007) free publication.

  5. Topic: 4: NAFTA & US hegemony: Canada and Mexico Framework: Formulate a framework using WST concepts, the trade and subsidy arguments in lectures, in the articles from #10-13 in theDeveloping World as well as those in articles 17-20 from your Course Kit for Term 2. Also, please check out the following article to be accessed through e-resources at York: Kentor, Jeffrey (2005). The Growth of Transnational Corporate Networks: 1962–1998, Journal of World-Systems Research, XI: 263-286.

  6. Theoretical arguments to be applied to all topics: • WST • Please review Term 1 Lectures on WST, if you do not have a clear and comprehensive understanding.

  7. Applying the World System Theory: • Analytical themes: PUT-NDL • GCC • FM • Core’s hegemony and global hierarchy of • power • Unequal Exchange &Trade Relations between the Core and Peripheral countries • Differential flow of surplus to the core • Old vs. new Division of Labor • Global Commodity Chain (GCC) • Global impact of Core’s Financial Meltdown

  8. http://wn.com/unequal_exchange_video http://www.beyondblackwhite.com/capuchin-monkeys-reject-unequal-pay-proof-treated/

  9. Hegemony : a historical process (read #4 in course kit) • States compete for global domination • Endless capital accumulation • Market treats goods and labor alike as commodities

  10. WST explains DW’s situation as a result of Core’s hegemony over periphery: How? • Modern world economy as a system: • Market expands under U.S. hegemony since 1950s • The Decline of the Dollar and US Hegemony http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g9AP5Id-GW0 • Corporatization of world production and trade: Core’s MNCs expand under a hegemonic power that is imposed on peripheries: • Neoliberalism (ideology) • Commodity chain (structure) • THE CORPORATION [2/23] Birth • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8SuUzmqBewg

  11. Rise of the modern world economy as a system: • 1500 A.D.: Origin of the modern world-system (world economy) • Western Europe: • Feudalism declined • Technological innovation • Rise of market institutions • Military strength • Transportation Tech • Core vs. Peripheral countries: • Capital-intensive production and R & D in the core • Low-skill labor and raw materials in the periphery.

  12. 20 C: the capitalist world-system: • Unequal exchange (bet. European core and non-European periphery generated unequal development) • Semi-periphery: a buffer • Role of the State: • Maintaining global hierarchical structure • Direct profits to MNCs in the core • Protect global capitalist economy by: • Enforcing property rights • Monopoly on trade in high-value good

  13. Global Market crisis: 20th & 21st C Boom and Bust ( #1 in Course Kit) • 1929 - Stock market crash - the Great Depression • 1944 - Bretton Woods agreement establishes fixed exchange rates • 1954 – DJI average recovers from crash (took 25 years) • 1971 - U.S. no longer uses the gold standard – end of fixed exchange rates • 1987 - Black Monday (Oct. 16,), DJI drops to 22.6% - Highest one day crash since Depression • 1997-98: Crisis in Global currency rates – triggers recession • 2008 on Core’s Financial Meltdown – failure of financial institutions in U.S and Europe – its impact

  14. WST explains the global production & trade: • Corporatization of world production and trade: • Core’s MNCs expand under US hegemony over peripheries: • NL : Neoliberalism (ideology) • GCC: Global Commodity Chain (structure)

  15. World market system facilitated 25 years of growth in MNCs’ power Rise in corporate concentration Externalities: Corporations reduce uncertainty and business costs : air pollution vs. fireproofing a house http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yC5R9WPId0s (7.39min) 3. Outsourcing or offshoring - to avoid accountability Business of offshoring and outsourcing http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dZlcbGNC_3g (5.26min) Stephen Orlins Discusses the Impact of Outsourcing on U.S.-China Relations http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WyYqM81ys3I (3.33min)

  16. Washington Consensus: circa 1989 • Neoliberal ideology: (LAP DoGS) • Globalization • Austerity • Trade Liberalization • Financial Deregulation • Financial Speculation • Privatization

  17. Driving force of Global market integration: • Neoliberalism (NL) • Why should Peripheries adopt NL? • Core’s enforcement: How? • According to WTO rules accepted by all member countries • As requirements of loans: WB, IMF (SAP) • SAP • (Balancing the government budget • Weakening the Labour • Deregulating the economy • Reducing the State • BLeeDS )

  18. Argument: Enforcement of NL is a cause for DWs’ disadvantaged position vis-à-visAICs: • All countries (DWs) are brought under Core’s (US/AICs) hegemony & free Market regime through market integration, WTO, Global Monetary System, Stock markets and MNCs.

  19. WST explains: • Corporatization of world production and trade: • Core’s MNCs expand under US hegemony over peripheries: • NL : Neoliberalism (ideology) • GCC: Global Commodity Chain (structure)

  20. Single division of labor: core accumulates capital as periphery supplies labour

  21. WST & Global Commodity Chain (GCC): • Commodity Chain Research HD • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bs65dIcRKXE • Core: Capital rich • Head Office: • R&D • Product design • Customization • Market distribution • Products • Retail • Ads

  22. GCC (contd.) Peripheries: Labour surplus Production process: Vertically integrated GCC

  23. Firms call commodity chain as value chain: Global Value Chain: Garments and flowers (English subtitles) Woman Working World Wide, South Africa http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUNxj0MOoqk Global Value Chains in East Asia WTO http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-1ht2OrG2Y

  24. Vertically integrated Model: MNCs’ GCC Foreign subsidiary or Subcontracting local company Manufacturing factories or Sweatshops Extract raw materials from resource rich areas Extract surplus from labour Household labour of the poor (low/no wage or slavery): Men, Women, Youth & Children

  25. Inequitable Impacts of global Commodity Chains on workers: at the Core: Economic Costs Wealth & Capital Concentration Lower Wages Low Remuneration for Non-Wage Labor for Commodity Production (e.g. household) Educational & cultural costs Devaluation of Arts & Humanities Commodification of Youth, child, women as Logo Critical individual costs Health Civic freedoms Discrimination: gender & Age Human rights Law & Order (prejudice against the poor)

  26. Inequitable Impacts of global Commodity Chains on workers: at the Periphery: Wilma A. Dunaway,

  27. Starbuck's Coffee: Commodity Chain http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=osW9dfueb_4

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