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United States National Sea Level Activities Update

United States National Sea Level Activities Update. Climate Observation Division 5th Annual System Review Silver Spring, MD June 5-7, 2007. Workshop, Paris June 6-9, 2006.

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United States National Sea Level Activities Update

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  1. United States National Sea Level Activities Update Climate Observation Division 5th Annual System Review Silver Spring, MD June 5-7, 2007

  2. Workshop, Paris June 6-9, 2006 • The U.S. played a key role in the success of the international Workshop on Understanding Sea-Level Rise and Variability hosted by the International Oceanographic Commission of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) • The Steering Committee Co-chairs included: • Stan Wilson NOAA • U.S. membership of the Steering Committee included: • Robert Thomas- NASA, Mark Merrifield-UHSLC • Chair GLOSS Group of Experts included: • Gary Mitchum, University of South Florida, Ruth E. Neilan-Director, IGS Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), and Konrad Steffen, University of Colorado. • In addition, thirty-three other U.S. scientists from various academic institutions and government agencies participated in the conference of 163 scientists from 29 countries. http://wcrp.wmo.int http://wcrp.ipsl.jussieu.fr/Workshops/SeaLevel/index.html

  3. Sea Level Rise Impact Studies • CCSP Synthesis and Assessment Products • SAP 4.1 Coastal Elevations and Sensitivity to Sea Level Rise • Product is focused on a contiguous portion of the U.S. coastal zone (New York to North Carolina) • Deliverables are high resolution elevation and planning maps • Final Delivery Fall 2007 National Assessment of Coastal Vulnerability to Sea-Level Rise: U.S. Atlantic Coast www.climatescience.gov/library/sap/sap4-1/default.php

  4. Integrated Ocean Observing System • NOAA established an IOOS Program Office in 2007. An initial goal by 2008 is to integrate five core IOOS variables from multiple NOAA observing sources • Sea Level, Temperature, Salinity, • Surface Currents, Ocean Color NOAA established an IOOS oriented web portal in May 2006 for observational water level, meteorological and ancillary data, as well as the model data through OPeNDAP Network Common Data Form (NetCDF) data servers. http://www.ocean.us http://opendap.co-ops.nos.noaa.gov

  5. Integrated Climate Information Products The Pacific Region Integrated Climatology Information Products (PRICIP) project will improve the understanding of patterns and trends of storm frequency and intensity - “storminess”- within the Pacific region and develop a suite of integrated information productsThis effort is a regional path finding activity towards the development of a U.S. comprehensive coastal climatology program. Strong Winds Heavy Rains High Seas PRICIP includes representatives from NOAA, as well as the University of Hawaii, University of Alaska, University of Guam, Oregon State University, and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.  www.pricip.org

  6. Tsunami Warning Program • Upgrading sea level station networks for near-shore monitoring • Currently 101 tsunami ready NOAA stations • There will be 140 tsunami ready NOAA stations by end of FY2007 • Expanding DART stations to 39 by March 2008 as part of the GEOSS • Derive tidal constituents for NGDC and PMEL in order to detide pressure records for detection of tsunami signal http://www.tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/tsunami http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/dart/dart.html

  7. NOAA National Ocean Service National Water Level Program Satellite Altimeter Mission Support NOAA has operated a tide station in cooperation with JPL/NASA on Platform Harvest since 1992 in support of TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 providing data for altimeter evaluation and closure analyses. Redundant pressure gauge systems provide independent sea level estimates at the time of every 10-day overpass.

  8. Global sea level change from TOPEX and Jason Figure 5. Time series of TOPEX and Jason differences relative to the global tide gauge network. Note that difference in the values on the vertical axes. The Jason mean is 121 mm relative to TOPEX. The cause of this bias is presently unknown. The TOPEX scatter is 5.3 mm; the Jason scatter is 9.3 mm. • Satellite altimetry • measurement of • global sea level http://sealevel.colorado.edu

  9. TOPEX/Jason Regional Sea Level Trends • Satellite • altimetry • measurement • of regional sea • level trends • 1993-2006 http://sealevel.colorado.edu

  10. Deviation from 20th Century Sea Level Trends • Midway Island 28°N • Wake Island 19°N • Kwajalein 9°N • Pago Pago 14°S 1993

  11. Sea Level Variations, 2006 Annual Assessment • M. A. Merrifield, S. Gill, G. T. Mitchum, and P. L. Woodworth • Bulletin of the • American Meteorology • Society (in press) • Annual Average Sea • Level Anomaly for • Oct 2005-Sept 2006 • relative to 1993-1999 mean

  12. Sea Level Variations, 2006 Annual Assessment • M. A. Merrifield, S. Gill, G. T. Mitchum, • and P. L. Woodworth, Bulletin of the • American Meteorology Society • (in press) • Annual mean sea level anomaly • averaged over latitude and longitude

  13. Operational Status of NOAA National Water Level Observation Network (NWLON) Stations 200 NWLON stations fully operational with long-term sustained operation, documented calibration and vertical control, and routine data quality control and product delivery. 29 NWLON stations on official GLOSS (Global Sea Level Observing System) list. 54 NWLON stations contribute to JASL (Joint Archive for Sea Level) maintained by the University of Hawaii Sea Level Center (UHSLC) NWLON meets or exceeds GLOSS operating requirements. http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/

  14. Applications are made possible by maintaining operating standards • Station Operation • - sustained long-term O&M • - continuous data • - documented vertical stability • Vertical Datum Reference • - up-to-date references to latest tide (and water level) and geodetic datums • - water levels are known relative to the land and local bench marks • - precise connection to geodetic datums • Data Collection, Processing and Data Delivery • - data and system quality control on 24x7 basis • - real-time data and near-real time data are available with QC flags • - monthly and yearly data products are routinely derived and applied • - web-based delivery of all data and products • - data archival system http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/

  15. NWLON Stations over 100 years old New York 1856 Philadelphia 1900 Baltimore 1902 Fernandina Beach 1897 San Diego 1906 San Francisco 1854 Seattle 1898 Honolulu 1905 1850 2007 http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/

  16. Expanded from 175 to 200 NOAA Stations across the Nation NOAA installed the 200th water level station on Pier A at the Port of Alabama State Docks in April 2007. http://www.co-ops.nos.noaa.gov/press/nwlon200.shtml

  17. New Hardened Stations • For high storm risk Gulf of Mexico stations Dauphin Island, AL Tide Station After Hurricane Katrina

  18. Microwave Water Level Sensor Development • MIROS SM094 – (Used for NOAA Air Gap) • http://www.miros.no/range_finder_altimeter.php • Design Analysis – • http://waterlog.com/products/H3611/H-3611.html • OhmartVega - • http://www.ohmartvega.com/en/index.htm • Sutron – • http://www.sutron.com/products/RadarLevelRecorder.htm Testing and evaluating sensors from four manufacturers: The Miros SM094 sensor at a USACE testing facility. AIR GAP RESULTS: http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/publications/tecrpt42.pdf

  19. Mean Sea Level Trends for Global Water Level Stations • In addition to the 117 US stations analyzed for sea level trends, 44 global stations were added to Sea Levels Online website in 2006. The global data were obtained from PSMSL. http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/sltrends_global.shtml

  20. Analysis of Gaps in Network Coverage • NOAA has completed a network design study GIS tools and error analysis of tidal datum accuracy are used to determine geographic areas lacking tidal station coverage The gaps are used to prioritize NOAA network expansion

  21. 29 long-term NWLON stations are within 10 km of National Geodetic Survey CORS-GPS stations NGS has or will be installing new CORS-GPS receivers as close as possible to water level stations at The Battery, Fort Pulaski, and Key West Honolulu, HI

  22. GPS crustal motion correction to sea level trends • Using global positioning system-derived crustal velocities to estimate rates of absolute sea level change from North American tide gauge records • R. Snay, M. Cline, W. Dillinger, • R. Foote, S. Hilla, W. Kass, • J. Ray, J. Rohde, G. Sella, • and T. Soler • Journal of Geophysical • Research, Vol. 112, 2007

  23. Coastal Land Motion and Relative Sea Level Change • Space geodetic determination of spatial variability in relative sea level change, Los Angeles basin • B.A. Brooks, M. A. Merrifield, J. Foster, C. L. Werner, F. Gomez, M. Bevis and S. Gill • Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 34, 2007 Interferometric Point Target Analysis of SAR Data

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