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Sound Squared? Exploring Visual Perception Through Auditory Sensory Substitution

Sound Squared? Exploring Visual Perception Through Auditory Sensory Substitution. Alex Storer May 3, 2006 CN 730. Your (Near) Future. Introduction to Sensory Substitution Using the vOICe Training Paradigm Testing Paradigm Discussion. Sensory Substitution. Visual World. Visual System.

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Sound Squared? Exploring Visual Perception Through Auditory Sensory Substitution

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  1. Sound Squared?Exploring Visual Perception Through Auditory Sensory Substitution Alex Storer May 3, 2006 CN 730

  2. Your (Near) Future Introduction to Sensory Substitution Using the vOICe Training Paradigm Testing Paradigm Discussion

  3. Sensory Substitution Visual World Visual System Cortex Visual Transduction System Other Sensory Modality Processing

  4. Examples Tongue Stimulation Bach-y-Rita, 1970 Auditory stimulation Meijer, 1992

  5. But Does It Work? Identify Geometric Shapes “See” certain illusions Startle Response Subjective Feeling of Vision Very Limited Resolution Limited Mobility Difficult to Learn

  6. Why is this Important for Science? Remove effects of early visual processing

  7. Why is this Important for Science? Development of a “new sense” Contingencies for consciousness Role of plasticity Perceptual learning Differential processing in early/late/not blind And more!

  8. The vOICe Presents visual information through sound

  9. The vOICe From All Angles… System already implemented and online Popular with some late-blind users Simple, mobile and comprehensible Not space-variant, terrible time resolution Steep learning curve! Learning a new sense, or learning how to best use the system?

  10. Training ~20 Hrs Using the vOICe Wandering CNS Shape Identification

  11. Training in Real Life Video

  12. Shapes Presented Asked to identify location, shape and orientation Feedback Given Lots and lots of debugging 5 sessions without orientation, 5 with Training on Shapes

  13. 18

  14. 19

  15. 20

  16. Results

  17. M’s Supernatural Powers Recognize and locate simple shapes Navigate the world (with difficulty) Identify objects in the world (with difficulty) Find the walking stick on the ground Weakness: Space/resolution trade off Meta-comment: Incredibly top-down

  18. My “Elegant Experiment” A task that translates well to naïve users Address an interesting question in vision Design a task that is covered by the supernatural powers Solution: A same-or-different task involving illusory contours

  19. Further “Elegance” Changes: Consistent or Inconsistent Each “pac-man” can be randomly rotated The entire shape is randomly rotated and placed randomly No Feedback! InconsistentConsistent

  20. The Naïve Subject

  21. Aligned Consistent

  22. Random Consistent

  23. Aligned Inconsistent

  24. Results

  25. Interpretation No reporting of illusory contour perception No significant difference between control and trained subjects Only one subject in each category Everything could be totally random But I don’t think so!

  26. Interpretation Recall Natural Image Statistics Geisler, Perry, Super,and Gallogly 2001 Has the system user learned statistical properties of the visual world?

  27. Further Experiments Perform testing while training takes place Use a control trained on only shapes oronly “real world” Similar effects in early or late blind users? Or something completely different: Craik-O’Brien-Cornsweet? Motion Perception?

  28. In the Rear View This study can be seen as a proof of concept M didn’t report any strong visual experience Future studies need a robust, effective system that is equally simple Potentially very powerful way to address basic questions

  29. Thanks! The ever-anonymous M and A The ever-eponymous Ennio This ever-anomalous flying dog

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