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Statim : Take a new packet from the front of the room and fill out the heading at the top

9/15/14. Propositum : DWBAT define noun cases and analyze how noun endings correspond to Latin cases and functions. Statim : Take a new packet from the front of the room and fill out the heading at the top

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Statim : Take a new packet from the front of the room and fill out the heading at the top

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  1. 9/15/14 Propositum: DWBAT define noun cases and analyze how noun endings correspond to Latin cases and functions Statim: • Take a new packet from the front of the room and fill out the heading at the top • Wait to receive back your COTIDIANA from last week and place it in the ‘Graded Assessments’ section of your binder • Fill in the missing blank definitions for SUBJECT, DIRECT OBJECT, INDIRECT OBJECT and PREDICATE NOMINATIVE under the The Functions of Nouns in Latin heading on pg. 1 of your packet

  2. PENSUM # 6 • COTIDIANA #3 (on Wednesday) • Study your nominative and accusative noun endings for a quiz

  3. The Functions of Nouns in Latin • So far we’ve learned about 4 different roles, or functions, nouns can have in sentences: • Subject = • Direct Object = • Indirect Object = • Predicate Nominative = • In Latin, the different roles, or functions, that nouns can play are expressed by something calledCASES. • There are 6 different cases in Latin: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative and vocative. • This week we will learn about 2 of those cases, the nominative and the accusative. do-er or be-er of the verb receives the action of the verb the person/thing TO or FOR whom/which an action is done describes the subject in a sentence in which the verb is a condition or occurrence

  4. The Nominative Case and Accusative Cases in Latin As we examined last week, Latin word order (syntax) can very ! Therefore, unlike in English, we CANNOT rely on word order to figure out whether a word is a subject or a direct object. Instead, we must look at the of a word in order to figure out what function it has. These different noun endings tell us what a noun is in, and CASE tells us what function the noun has. In Latin, the subject and predicate nominative are represented by the NOMINATIVE case. In Latin, the direct object is represented by the ACCUSATIVE case. unpredictable ending CASE

  5. Exercitātio- The Nominative Case Directions: For each of the following sentences, annotate, translate, determine the function of each word, and isolate the ENDING that corresponds to each word. Use the vocabulary listed below to help you. 1. Gaia estdea. • Translation: • Function of Gaia: • Function ofdea: • NOMINATIVE ending: Gaia is a goddess. subject predicate nominative -a

  6. Exercitātio- The Accusative Case Directions: For each of the following sentences, annotate, translate, determine the function of each word, and isolate the ENDING that corresponds to each word. Use the vocabulary listed below to help you. 5. Gaia et Ūranusfīliam, Vestam, habent. • Translation: • Function offīliam: • ACCUSATIVE ending: Gaia and Uranus have a daughter, Vesta. direct object -am

  7. Groupwork • Directions: For each of the following sentences (#2-8), annotate, translate, determine the function of each word, and isolate the ENDING that corresponds to each word. Use the vocabulary listed below to help you. • Then summarize your findings by completing the chart on pg. 4 with all of the endings you found for the nominative and accusative cases

  8. NOMINATIVE Endings a us ae ī

  9. ACCUSATIVE Endings am um ās ōs

  10. Exerceāmus! Independent Work • Directions: Practice applying nominative and accusative endings to the following nouns.

  11. a ae am ās us ī um ōs

  12. 9/17/14 Propositum: DWBAT translate Latin sentences in context using knowledge of Latin grammar and syntax Statim: • Take out a black/blue pen for your quiz • If you did not receive a check of your work yesterday, keep your packet CLOSED on your desk in front of you • Complete the 2 charts and fill in the missing blanks at the top of pg. 5 under the heading Noun Gender and Declension

  13. PENSUM # 8 • Complete your annotation and translation of ‘THE RISE OF JUPITER’ on pg. 9 • COTIDIANA #4 (on Friday) • Identifying a noun’s declension and parts of a dictionary entry

  14. STATIM predicate nominatives subjects ae us ī a direct objects am ās um ōs

  15. Gender • The gender of a noun is given in its dictionary/vocabulary entry. • Ex. fīlia, fīliaef.daughter f. = feminine • fīlus, fīliīm.son m. = masculine • caelum, caelīn.skyn. = neuter • The gender of a noun never changes. It must be memorized for every noun.

  16. 2nd Declension Endings- Neuter 2 Rules for Neuter Gender Nouns I. II. N.B. These RULES are never broken. -a -um -um -a The nominative sg. and accusative sg. endings are the same The nominative pl. and accusative pl. endings are the same

  17. NEUTER Nouns • For the neuter gender, because nominatives and accusative nouns look the same, you may encounter sentences in which a noun could be a subject/predicate nominative OR a direct object… Ūranuscaelumregit. (caelum, caelīn. sky | regitrules) What case is caelum? _________________________________ Why? accusative Ūranus MUST be nominative because it ends in –us. Therefore, caelum must be accusative because there is already a subject of the sentence.

  18. NEUTER Nouns • fīliōsmonstrumterret. (monstrum, monstrīn. monster | terretfrightens) • What case is monstrum? • Why? nominative fīliōs MUST be accusative because it ends in –ōs. Therefore, monstrum must be nominative because there is already a direct object of the sentence.

  19. Noun Declensions • By now we’ve seen a lot of different endings for the nominative and accusative cases. In order to determine which endings CAN be added to which nouns, we need to be able to determine what DECLENSION a noun belongs to. • A noun DECLENSION is like a family; it is a way of labeling a noun based on the group of endings that noun can take on • Every noun has a DECLENSION. A noun’s DECLENSION NEVER CHANGES! • In order to determine what DECLENSION a noun belongs to, we need to look at the 2nd word in its dictionary entry. This is called the GENITIVE SINGULAR form.

  20. Noun Declensions

  21. fīlia, fīliaef. daughter  _________ ________ __________ __________ Because this noun’s GENITIVE SINGULAR form ends in –AE, it belongs to the 1st declension nominative singular form genitive singular form definition gender

  22. Commonalities in Noun Endings What case and number are the following nouns? silva(from silva, silvae, f. forest) caela(from caelum, caelī, n. sky) Although silva and caela both end in ‘-a’, silvais in the case (singular) because it’s a 1st declension noun, while caela can be either in the or case (plural) because it’s a 2nd declension neuter noun. Therefore, it’s important to know both the and of a noun in order to know what case that noun is in nominative nominative accusative declension gender

  23. EXERCITĀTIO Directions: • Identify the declension of and circle the gender for all of the nouns in your VOCABULARIA below • Annotate and translate the sentences below

  24. 9/17/14 Propositum: DWBAT translate Latin sentences in context using knowledge of Latin grammar and syntax Statim: • Take out a black/blue pen for your quiz • If you did not receive a check of your work yesterday, keep your packet CLOSED on your desk in front of you

  25. PENSUM # 8 • Complete your annotation and translation of ‘THE RISE OF JUPITER’ on pg. 9 • COTIDIANA #4 (on Friday) • Identifying a noun’s declension and parts of a dictionary entry

  26. EXERCITĀTIODirections: Annotate and translate the sentences below 3. aliīfīliīsuntpulchrī et aliīfīliīsunttaetrī. 4. Ūranustaetrōsfīliōs in antrōcēlat et Gaia lacrimat. 5. ūnusfīlius, Sāturnus, Ūranumvincit. Some sons/children are beautiful and other sons/children are ugly. Uranus hides the ugly children in a cave and Gaia cries. One son, Saturn, defeats Uranus.

  27. aliīfīliīsunttaetrī.

  28. Ūranustaetrōsfīliōs in antrōcelat.

  29. ūnusfīlius, Sāturnus, Ūranumvincit.

  30. THE RISE OF JUPITER Gaia tells a prophecy to her son: ‘Your son will conquer you.’ • Gaia orāculumsuōfīliōdīcit: ‘tuusfīliustēvincet.’ • Sāturnussuumrēgnumamat et fīliōsdēvorat. Rhea, uxor* • Sāturnī audit et profīliōsaxumparat. Sāturnussaxumnōn • videt et id* dēvorat. Rhea fīliumcapit et eum* ad Crētamdūcit. • fīliusestIuppiter*. • IuppiterSāturnumsaxavomerecogit. Iuppiterquoque • aliōsfīliōs et fīliāsGaiae ex antrōliberat. Iuppiter, suīgermanī • et germanae, Sāturnumvincunt.

  31. ‘The Rise of Jupiter’ • Groupwork • Annotate and translate with one other person at your table • Annotate BEFORE you translate! • Nōtātebene! • Nouns in italics are NOT in either the accusative or nominative cases and their translations are provided for you in the vocabulary box • Nouns labeled with an asterisk (*) are either in the nominative or accusative but they have endings we haven’t yet learned

  32. TBLS Locker Expectations Availability • Discipuli may use lockers in the morning, between 7:45 and 7:59 a.m.; during passing time between recitations; at the end of the day, for 15 minutes (Monday, Wednesday and Thursday, 2:30-2:45; Tuesday, 3:10-3:25; Friday 1:50-2:05). • D. may enter classrooms to use lockers during or following office hours only for emergencies and with the permission of office hour magistri. • D. may not enter classrooms to use lockers after R1 has begun, or during any other recitation, unless there is a clear emergency. Magistri should provide a written pass for discipuli, should they deem it necessary for them to use their lockers in another room.

  33. Contents • Electronics stored in lockers must be turned off. Should magistri have to enter lockers to retrieve noisy electronics, they may be subject to confiscation, and returned to parents or guardians. • Food and drinks may not be stored in lockers. • Dirty or smelly clothes, body sprays, or anything else that might disturb others may not be stored in lockers.

  34. Locks • Lockers must be locked at all times. Magistri are not responsible for securing lockers or their contents, should they be left unlocked. • Discipuli should only use school-issued locks. They are free to borrow; however, if they are lost, D. must pay for replacements. Any personal locks placed on lockers may be subject to removal. • Magistri are not responsible for lost or stolen locker contents. D. should only share lockers with someone they know and trust.

  35. Behavior • D. may not use electronics, eat or drink at their lockers. • D. should avoid slamming locker doors. • If D. must change clothes, they should do so in the latrina, rather than at their lockers.

  36. 9/18/14 Propositum: DWBAT translate Latin sentences in context using knowledge of Latin grammar and syntax Statim: • Take out your packet and a red pen and turn to your HW • Take out a piece of looseleaf to take notes • Identify the declension numbers of the following nouns and write them next to their entries on the VOCABULARIA box on pg. 9: • antrum, antrīn. cave • germanus, germanīm. brother • germana, germanaef. sister • orāculum, orāculīn. prophecy, oracle • rēgnum, rēgnīn. kingdom • Rhea, Rheaef. Rhea • saxum, saxīn. rock, stone 2nd 2nd 1st 2nd 2nd 1st 2nd

  37. Identify the 4 parts of the following noun’s dictionary entry: saxum, saxīn. rock, stone ________ ________ _______ ______ genitive singular form definition gender nominative singular form

  38. PENSUM # 8 • Complete your annotate and translation of ‘The Olympians’ on pg. 10 • COTIDIANA #4 (tomorrow) • Identifying a noun’s declension and parts of a dictionary entry

  39. THE RISE OF JUPITER Gaia tells a prophecy to her son: ‘Your son will conquer you.’ • Gaia orāculumsuōfīliōdīcit: ‘tuusfīliustēvincet.’ • Sāturnussuumrēgnumamat et fīliōsdēvorat. Rhea, uxor* • Sāturnī audit et profīliōsaxumparat. Sāturnussaxumnōn • videt et id* dēvorat. Rhea fīliumcapit et eum* ad Crētamdūcit. • fīliusestIuppiter*. • IuppiterSāturnumsaxavomerecogit. Iuppiterquoque • aliōsfīliōs et fīliāsGaiae ex antrōliberat. Iuppiter, suīgermanī • et germanae, Sāturnumvincunt. Saturn loves his kingdom and swallows (his) children. Rhea, the wife of Saturn, hears (this) and prepares a stone in place of (her) son. Saturn does not see the stone and swallows it. Rhea takes (her) son and leads him to Crete. The son is Jupiter. Jupiter forces Saturn to vomit out the stones. Jupiter also frees the other sons and daughters of Gaia from the cave. Jupiter, his brothers and sisters, conquer Saturn.

  40. COMPREHENSIŌ • Why does Saturn swallow his children? • For what reason does Rhea prepare a stone? • How does Rhea save her son, Jupiter? • How does Gaia’s prophecy eventually come true?

  41. ‘The Olympians’ • Groupwork • Annotate and translate with one other person at your table • Annotate BEFORE you translate! • Nōtātebene! • Nouns in italics are NOT in either the accusative or nominative cases and their translations are provided for you in the vocabulary box • Nouns labeled with an asterisk (*) are either in the nominative or accusative but they have endings we haven’t yet learned

  42. 9/19/14 Propositum: DWBAT form nouns in Latin in the correct number and case according to their function in a sentence Statim: • Take out your packet and your binder and place them under your desk • Take out a piece of looseleaf for your quiz and a pen to write with

  43. COTIDIANA #4 • Identify the declension number of each of the following nouns: • focus, focīm. fireplace, hearth _____ • aqua, aquaef. water _____ • frūmentum, frūmentīn. grain, crop ____ • rēgina, rēginaef. queen _____ • equus, equīm. horse _____ • Label the 4 parts of the dictionary for the following noun: rēgina, rēginaef. queen ____________ ___________ ____________ ___________ 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd nominative singular form genitive singular form gender definition

  44. StatimExercitātio- NOMINATIVE AND ACCUSATIVE PRACTICE feminine • 1st declension nouns are mostly _______________________ in gender • 2nd declension nouns are mostly either __________________ or _____________________ in gender • Neuter nouns always have the same ______________singular and ___________________ singular endings • Neuter nouns also always have the same nominative ________________ endings and the same accusative_________________ endings • It is important to know the declension and gender of a noun in order to be able to tell what _________________ that noun is in, and therefore what role it plays in the sentence. masculine neuter nominative accusative plural plural case

  45. 2. Annotate and translate the following sentences:Circle subjects (subjects are in the _________________ case)Underline verbs (verb endings agree in number with the _______ of the verb)Box direct objects (direct objects are in the ___________________ case) nominative subject accusative • deafiliumvidet. = ___________________________ • deamfiliusvidet. = __________________________ • videntdeaefiliōs = ___________________________ • filiīvidentdeās = ____________________________ • deacaelaregit.= _____________________________ • caelumcapitIuppiter. = _______________________ The son/child sees the goddess.

  46. 3. Annotate and supply the correct Latin word form for the words in brackets: • [The gods] (in Olympō) bellum parant. • deī(nom. pl. 2nd decl. from deus, -īm.) • Iuppiter[the sky] regit. _____________________ caelum (acc. sg. 2nd decl.)

  47. Exercitātio- NOMINATIVE AND ACCUSATIVE PRACTICE • Complete sections 2 and 3 with a partner from your table • Be careful of the WORD ORDER in section 2! Annotate these sentences BEFORE you translate them • I will come around to check HW while you are working

  48. [The kingdoms] deās et deōs servant. _____________________ • Olympiī (the Titans)vincunt. _____________________ • dea (her children)amat. _____________________ • (The goddesses) saxapetunt._____________________ • Saturnus(prophecy) audit. _____________________ • Gaia (Uranus) vincit. _____________________ • (The sibilings) terramregunt._____________________

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