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East meets West: Japan

East meets West: Japan. Part Five: Modernisation. Talking point: Fashion in Meiji Japan. Review: Who are these people?. How are they connected?. Who?. Relationship?. Charter Oath. Feudalism abolished. This simple five point statement abolished feudalism .

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East meets West: Japan

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  1. East meets West: Japan Part Five: Modernisation

  2. Talking point: Fashion in Meiji Japan

  3. Review: Who are these people? How are they connected?

  4. Who? • Relationship?

  5. Charter Oath Feudalism abolished This simple five point statement abolished feudalism • Mass education based on German system • Samurai privileges abolished • Samurai cannot wear swords in public • Jobs open to all

  6. Iwakura Mission 1871-73 • The first Meiji investigation of European and American institutions • The mission included a number of Meiji government ministers • Sought info on technology, education, the army • Were very impressed with Europe and USA – increased pressure for modernisation

  7. Iwakura Tomomi is wearing traditional clothes

  8. Japanese education 1890s

  9. The Armed Forces • military conscription was introduced • Western experts were imported to create new railways, armies, fleets, and industries • Navy based on Britain’s system • Army based on Germany’s system

  10. Politics: the Constitution • An authoritarian Constitution based on German model 1889, establishing the Diet (parliament) • Only 1% could vote • By 1871 the daimyo domains had been surrendered to the throne and turned into prefectures with governors

  11. Oligarchy: the Genro • Real power exercised by an informal Choshu and Satsuma oligarchy called the Genro • They controlled politics and big business • The Sat-Cho elite = oligarchs • The Emperor “reigned but did not rule” despite the constitution

  12. Religion • Shinto replaces Buddhism as the state religion • Why?

  13. Samurai 1870s • He has cut off the top knot • Why?

  14. Another zen moment

  15. The Economy • Zaibatsu: family businesses with close links with the government and military • Mitsubishi • Diversified conglomerates • Eventually the big 4 dominated over 50% of stock exchange • Japan did not rely on foreign investment

  16. Review Samurai replaced by modern conscript army abolished hereditary rights 1871 rapid industrialisation built a modern nation-state ended feudal divisions in society a western style constitution but… real power in the hand of Sat-Cho elders – the Genro

  17. Is Japan now Westernised? • Meiji Emperor receiving the Order of the Garter 1906

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