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Biofuels for transportation , a challenge for the future

Biofuels for transportation , a challenge for the future. Ghislain Gosse. An international situation and its consequences. Oil is a fossil energy vector, a finite resource at least for a given price Oil is very sensitive to geopolitic situation Oil is a source of greenhouse gases emissions.

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Biofuels for transportation , a challenge for the future

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  1. Biofuels for transportation , a challenge for the future Ghislain Gosse

  2. An international situation and its consequences • Oil is a fossil energy vector, a finite resource at least for a given price • Oil is very sensitive to geopolitic situation • Oil is a source of greenhouse gases emissions This situation is and will be long-lasting Needs for a renewable energy vector

  3. Why the energy question is crucial in the transportation sector ?

  4. Transportation sector and energy demand • Transportation sector depends at 98% in oil supply. • Energy demand from transportation will hudgely increase the oil demand. • At the world level : 600 Millions vehicles in 1994 and 1 billion in 2010 (source : IEA & OECD (1994)) • Energy savings are now compensated by increase due to security equipment, air conditioning… Annual mean growth rate (2000-2030) Global demand in primary energy +0,7 % Energy consumption in transportation +1,2 %

  5. Among the alternatives fuels • Compressed natural gas • Liquified oil gas • Electric car • Biofuels • Oil • Alcohol • Synthesis fuel Non renewable alternatives Solution for clean car in town Biofuels a necessary passage for transportation

  6. Food-Fuel, a challenge for the XXIth century population Land availability will be a key criteria 2040-2060 9-10 billions Critical period for oil time

  7. A proposal In order to minimize competition with food biofuels will have to be produced from an ubiquist raw material with a high yield per unit area Lignocellulose from agriculture, forestry,urban wastes is the best candidate

  8. A strategy for biofuels Oil Rape, Soybean Sunflower Oil methyl ester Chemistry Sugars Beet Sugar cane & sorghum To day Fermentation Ethanol Starch Cereals Corn, Cassava Thermochemical Process Lignocellulose Wood, crop residues Dedicated crops To morrow Synthesis fuels

  9. What we need to meet the challenge? • Industrial development of biofuels production based upon classical crops mainly ethanol • Research on biofuel production from lignocellulose

  10. Dry residues Alcool Synthesis fuel Dedicated crops Oil Classical crops 2003 2015-2025 Time A scenario for the future A transient period, A necessary passage on a learning curve towards a sustainable biofuels production

  11. A national project under implementation Industry IFP, INRA, CNRS CNRS IFP INRA INRA Agriculture Forestry structures Industry CEA, IFP, CNRS • Resources research • Quality, Logistic, Environment Industry

  12. EU Network of Excellence BIOENERGY VTT, Finland CHP, large scale systems, Forest industry Forschungzentrum, Germany IIIEE, Sweden Biogenic Waste to energy Environment, Socio- economics ESR Grignon EGC Grignon Agronomie LRM Biomass Aston University, UK Training, Education, dissemination Climate issues, Small scale applications Joanneum Research, Austria case studies (1) : > Finland (wood) > Poland >Picardie (straw…) INRA Biofuels for transport Agrobiomass resources Land use Change Eastern countries resources ECN, Netherlands INRA France UMR FARE EC BREC, Poland INRA (1) discussion under progress

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