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GIS in Water Resources Consortium

David R. Maidment, University of Texas at Austin Dean Djokic, Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) Andrew Battin, Michael Plastino – OW Immediate Office Tommy Dewald, Tod Dabolt – OWOW Russ Kinerson, David Wells - OST. GIS. Water Resources. CRWR.

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GIS in Water Resources Consortium

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  1. David R. Maidment, University of Texas at Austin Dean Djokic, Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) Andrew Battin, Michael Plastino – OW Immediate Office Tommy Dewald, Tod Dabolt – OWOW Russ Kinerson, David Wells - OST GIS Water Resources CRWR GIS in Water Resources Consortium

  2. Overview • What is the Consortium, why is EPA interested ? • Activities of the Consortium 1999-2002 • Arc Hydro Data Model • Arc Hydro Tools • Directions for Consortium work 2002-2005

  3. Who is in the GIS WATER Resource Consortium ? • Led by University of Texas Center for Research in Water Resources and ESRI • USGS (NHD, EROS Data Center), EPA, DHI, HEC, BYU, CDM, Dodson, LCRA, TNRCC, TWDB, City of Austin • Many individuals in academia, government and industry

  4. First Product of the Consortium ArcGIS Hydro Data Model Hydrology Hydrography

  5. First Product of the Consortium ArcGIS Hydro Data Model Hydrology Hydrography National Hydrography Dataset BASINS Water Quality Models

  6. Why is EPA OW involved the GIS WATER Resource Consortium ? • ArcHydro Data Model integrates • Mapping and linear referencing NHD capabilities • BASINS hydrologic modeling capabilities • ArcHydro Tools can be incorporated into applications • BASINS data management and modeling tools • NHD indexing functions in the NHD Reach Indexing Tool (RIT) and Web-based Reach Indexing Tool

  7. EPA interest in National Hydrography Dataset 2 1 • EPA helped USGS develop NHD • Rich cartographic feature content for making maps • A stream addressing system for linking water-related information to the national drainage network • Upstream/downstream modeling along the drainage network 3

  8. Program Data Program Reach Begin End Layer System ID ID Position Position Monitoring WQ-12789… 3 75% - Impaired TMDL-721987… 4 45% 100% Water 2 0% 35% Water Quality WQS-340956… 5 0% 100% Standard 1 0% 100% Indexing EPA and other program information to NHD Watershed 02050701 NHD Reach Address Database (RAD) 2 3 1 4 5

  9. NHD information in EPA Applications Water Quality Standards UserLayer “EnviroMapper For Water” “WebRIT / WATERS Locational Tool” “WATERS Query Tool” ReusableMappingCapabilities Total WATERS NHD Navigate ServiceLayer Beaches Integrated Geospatial Database NHD Reach Address Database DataLayer STORET, Nutrients SDWIS Impaired / Assessed Waters No Discharge Zones

  10. EPA interest in BASINS • Designed to meet modeling needs for Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) and other environmental programs • Combines screening and detailed models with GIS data and interface tools • Database and CDs contain wide variety of data needed for modeling

  11. ArcGIS Hydro Data Model Integrates features of NHD and BASINS Drainage System Hydro Network Flow Time Time Series Hydro Features Channel System National Hydrography Dataset BASINS Water Quality Models

  12. What is a Geodatabase (Dean Djokic)

  13. Feature IFeature IFeature : IRow IFeatureBuffer IFeatureBuffer : IRowBuffer IFeatureDraw IFeatureDraw : IUnknown ArcGIS Introduces Geodatabase MS AccessOracleSQL Server Informix DB2 • A new geographic data model • A new geographic database • Stored in an RDBMS • Many new capabilities • ArcObjects • COM objects that access geographic data • Work with Geodatabases and existing file formats

  14. Geodatabase Overview ArcGIS – “new” GIS technology • Applications • Data management • Data model • Customization • Internet Applications Data Model Data Management

  15. Geodatabase Terms • Geodatabase • Persistent store of geographic information in a DBMS • Geodatabase Object Model • Collection of ArcInfo objects • Geodatabase Access Components • Components (objects) to work with data in a geodatabase

  16. Key Capabilities • Features • Geometric Networks • Relationships • Validation Rules • Subtypes • Default Values • Versions • Custom Features • Data Management GUI (Arc Catalog) • CASE tools

  17. FeatureClass (table) Stream . . . OID Shape Type . . . Feature (row) 524 X,Y,Z,M, ... Channel Features • Features are geographic objects • Object with a geometry attribute • Vector model for geographic entities • Features (rows) belong to FeatureClasses (tables) • Feature location is an attribute of type geometry • Point, Multipoint, Line, Polygon

  18. Same Spatial Reference Similar conceptually to an ARC/INFO coverage FeatureClass (table) Stream . . . OID Shape Type . . . Feature (row) 524 X,Y,Z,M, ... Channel Feature DataSets FeatureDataSet FeatureClass Object Class

  19. Relationships • Association between two Object Classes • Spatial and / or non-spatial • Peer-to-peer associations or composite relationships • Cardinality: 1-1, 1-n, n-1, n-m, . . . • Notification • Validation Rules optional • Subtypes

  20. Geometric Networks • A network relationship between Feature Classes • Solve network problems: • Connectivity traces • Cycle detection • Set flow directions • Directed tracing • Isolation tracing • Custom solvers • Solvers in ArcMap (COM) • Build Network topology in ArcCatalog/CASE

  21. Geodatabase Collection of FeatureDataSets Like a workspace FeatureDataSet Collection of FeatureClasses Like a Coverage FeatureClass Collection of Features Like a Coverage FeatureClass Feature Geographic Object Row in DBMS Table Geodatabase Model

  22. Extensible Data Model Row Feature Measurement NetworkFeature Basin JunctionFeature EdgeFeature ComplexEdge SimpleJunction Stream Confluence Gage

  23. Questions and Discussion

  24. What is Arc Hydro? (David Maidment)

  25. What is Arc Hydro? • An data infrastructure for storing and integrating hydro data within ArcGIS • A set of hydro objects built on top of ArcObjects • A set of standardized attributes • A vocabulary for describing data (glossary) • A toolset for implementing the data model

  26. Hydrologic Information System Analysis, Modeling, Decision Making Arc Hydro Geodatabase

  27. Drainage System Hydro Network Flow Time Time Series Hydrography Channel System Arc Hydro Components

  28. ArcGIS Hydro Data Model ArcGIS GeoDatabase Arc BASINS Data Model Arc BASINS Data Model

  29. Arc Basins – Builds on core Arc Hydro landscape representation Provides additional feature datasets and tables to store Basins data Arc Hydro Extension for EPA Basins Arc Hydro Feature classes Basins feature classes

  30. Arc Basins as one geodatabase

  31. Data Model Based on Inventory Streams Drainage Areas Hydrography Channels Terrain Surfaces Rainfall Response Digital Orthophotos

  32. Data Model Based on Behavior Follow a drop of water from where it falls on the land, to the stream, and all the way to the ocean.

  33. Integrating Data Inventory using a Behavioral Model Relationships between objects linked by tracing path of water movement

  34. Arc Hydro Framework dataset for USA at 1:500,000 scale Built from USGS and National Weather Service data MonitoringPoints are USGS stream gaging stations Arc Hydro USA

  35. Arc Hydro Framework Input Data Watersheds Waterbody Streams Monitoring Points

  36. Arc Hydro Framework

  37. Hydrologic Cataloging Units (HUCS) Hydrologic Unit Code = 12100203 Guadalupe Basin (4 HUC’s) • 2015 HUC’s cover continental US • average area ~ 1 county

  38. Arc Hydro Framework Dataset for the Guadalupe Basin

  39. HydroNetwork through Canyon Lake Flowlines through water body Generic Junction (for topological connection of edges)

  40. HydroJunction has Waterbody Relationship

  41. Network Tracing Upstream Tracing Downstream Tracing

  42. National Hydro Data Programshttp://www.crwr.utexas.edu/giswr/nhdconf/nationalhydro.html National Elevation Dataset (NED) National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) Elevation Derivatives for National Application (EDNA) Watershed Boundary Dataset

  43. Scales of representation of Drainage Systems Basins – drainage areas for water resources management Watersheds – subdivision of Basin for a particular hydrologic purpose Catchments – subdivision of Basin into elementary drainage areas by physical rules Digital Elevation Model – land surface terrain grid cells

  44. Watersheds of the Guadalupe Basin NWS forecast Watersheds (flooding) Guadalupe HydroNetwork EPA TMDL Segments (water quality) TNRCC water availability points (water supply)

  45. Catchments, DrainageLines and DrainagePoints

  46. Catchments Subdivided at Watershed Outlet

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