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Seed Vigour: from one hypothesis to many predictions and uses

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Seed Vigour: from one hypothesis to many predictions and uses

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    1. Seed Vigour: from one hypothesis to many predictions and uses Stan Matthews University of Aberdeen, UK

    2. Outline Practical expression of vigour differences Vigour tests Ageing / repair hypothesis Predictions and uses Concluding comments

    4. Seed survival curve

    5. Types of vigour tests in use Ageing based tests Rate of germination Low temperature tests Seedling growth tests Conductivity of seed soak water

    7. Measurement of rate

    11. Many species: rate relates to emergence (Slow and low)

    12. Rate relates to emergence and to age (AA or CD) (Slow and low) (Old and slow)

    13. Cold test for maize Most widely used test 7 days or more at 10oC soil Always wet, sometimes saturated (low O2) Then 3 or more days at 25oC Normal seedlings counted

    15. Seedling growth tests

    16. Maize: MJGT and MGT relate to seedling size and uniformity in lab (14 days, 13oC)

    17. MGT is mean lag period: longer in aged seeds

    18. Electrical conductivity test Grain legumes - leakage mostly from: Dead tissue on cotyledons e.g. peas and beans (ISTA validated test)

    19. Electrical conductivity test Brassica spp - leakage mostly from: Dead seeds and seeds producing abnormals - Soak single seeds of oilseed rape seed lot; 24h conductivity; germination

    21. Predictions and uses Tests Focus on early stages of germination processes Computer vision of physiological germination not seedlings Oxygen uptake, ethanol Stress conditions prolong lag period, especially in aged seeds Biochemical /molecular methods on metabolic repair Plant Breeding Selection for high vigour traits difficult Ageing during production is always present Sorting and blending Removal or dilution of dead/abnormals, BUT Aged, low vigour seeds will remain

    22. Concluding comments All vigour tests based on ageing Rate of physiological germination most accurate indicator of age after Ki Metabolic repair in lag period determines rate research priority ISTA germination (normal seedlings) measures vigour of samples, but imprecisely Vigour tests magnify differences between samples Not easy to deliver for real world seeds in commercial use Any seed produced anywhere has aged breeders beware!

    23. Acknowledgements Thanks to many friends in many places Ankara University, Turkey Association of Private Laboratories, Argentina Bologna University, Italy Cotton Seed Distributors, Wee Waa, Australia Danish Plant Directorate, Lyngby, Denmark Ege University, Turkey Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran OSTS, SASA, Edinburgh, Scotland Pioneer Hi-Bred, Parndorf, Austria SNES, GEVES, Angers, France 45 North Deeside Rd, Aberdeen, Scotland

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