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Medical Imaging

Medical Imaging. Mohammad Dawood Department of Computer Science University of Münster Germany. Recap. X-Ray CT MRI Larmor frequency. Nuclear Medicine. Nuclear medicine Function not Density Oncology/Cancer Heart tissue viability Brain dysfunction epilepsy stroke

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Medical Imaging

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  1. Medical Imaging Mohammad Dawood Department of Computer Science University of Münster Germany

  2. Recap

  3. X-Ray CT MRI Larmor frequency

  4. Nuclear Medicine

  5. Nuclear medicine Function not Density Oncology/Cancer Heart tissue viability Brain dysfunction epilepsy stroke alzheimer

  6. Radioactivity Bohr’s atomic model

  7. Radioactivity Isotopes

  8. Radioactivity 1. αdecay 2. β- decay 3. β+ decay

  9. Radioactivity 4. Electron capture 5. γemission Z N

  10. Radioactive penetration

  11. Radioactivity Law of radioactive decay Law of attenuation

  12. Cyclotron

  13. Cyclotron particles passing through the gap are accelerated increase in velocity and mass result in spiral path

  14. Gamma Scintigraphy

  15. Scintigraphy gamma emitters 99Mo → 99mTc + β⁻ + νe 99mTc → 99Tc + γ

  16. Gamma camera principle of anger camera

  17. Collimator

  18. Scintillators Organic crystals, Organic liquids Anorganic crystals, Plastic

  19. Photomultiplier tube

  20. SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography)

  21. SPECT camera

  22. SPECT camera Multiple angles 3-6 degrees ca 15-20 sec per angle

  23. SPECT camera Pinhole SPECT

  24. PET (Positron Emission Tomography)

  25. β+-decay Annihilation Positron (e+) Electron (e-) Neutrino (ν) p → n + e+ + e+ + e-→ 2 Eγ = 511 keV Angle = 180°

  26. Detectors Sorting Unit Coincidence Unit Decay Image Reconstruction Millions of events are detected during few minutes of PET scan PET Image

  27. PET Detectors

  28. PET Projections y y1 X X1

  29. PET Projections s

  30. PET Projections from different angels s

  31. PET Projections from different angels

  32. PET Projections from different angels

  33. PET Projections from different angels

  34. PET Projection sinogram

  35. PET Positron range

  36. PET Non-colinearity

  37. PET Arc correction

  38. PET Geometric sensitivity is inhomogeneous

  39. PET Crystal efficiency normalization

  40. PET Random and Scatter

  41. PET Scatter

  42. Time of flight PET Sorting Unit Coincidence Unit Decay Image Reconstruction

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