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This guide delves into essential cinematographic techniques that manipulate focus and depth of field in visual storytelling. Learn how lenses reflect and refract light, creating a rich depth of field that influences viewer perception. Discover the differences between deep and shallow focus, rack focus to shift attention, and the art of zooming. Explore the concept of forced perspective to alter the viewer's perception of distance and size. Enhance your understanding of how these techniques contribute to effective filmmaking and visual expression.
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Focus How the lens reflects and refracts light This is usually at the point where the light originates
Depth of Field • Is the distance between the nearest and farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an image. • Depth of field is the front-to-back range of focus in an image — that is, how much of it appears sharp and clear.
Deep Focus • cinematographic technique using a large depth of field. • Depth of field is the front-to-back range of focus in an image — that is, how much of it appears sharp and clear.
Shallow Focus • A technique incorporating a small depth of field. • Depth of field is the front-to-back range of focus in an image — that is, how much of it appears sharp and clear. • In shallow focus one plane of the image is in focus while the rest is out of focus. • Shallow focus is typically used to emphasize one part of the image over another.
RACKING focus • Shifting the attention of the audience of a film or video by changing the focus of the lens from a subject in the foreground to a subject in the background, or vice versa.
Zoom • a method of decreasing (narrowing) the apparent angle of view of a digital photographic or video image. • Digital zoom is accomplished by cropping an image down to a centered area with the same aspect ratio as the original.
Forced perspective • to make an object appear farther away, closer, larger or smaller than it actually is. • It manipulates human visual perception through the use of scaled objects and the correlation between them and the vantage point of the spectator or camera.
