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The Human Condition …

The Human Condition …. All life is suffering and suffering is caused by craving. What is the world really like? Dukkha Anicca What are you really like? Anatta 5 Skhandas. The Human Condition cont. We are all trapped in an endless cycle of rebirth : Samsara .

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The Human Condition …

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  1. The Human Condition… • All life is suffering and suffering is caused by craving. • What is the world really like? • Dukkha • Anicca • What are you really like? • Anatta • 5 Skhandas

  2. The Human Condition cont. • We are all trapped in an endless cycle of rebirth : Samsara. • This is endless because of the 3 Root Poisons: • Desire • Hatred • Ignorance

  3. The Human Condition (End) • We are ignorant to reality…Avijja. • We desire things too much or we desire the wrong types of things…Tanha. • So far we’ve pretty much covered the 1st and 2nd Noble Truths.

  4. Learning Intentions & Criteria for Success • Explain what Buddhists understand by Karma: • Describe the karmic process • Use key words like bija, natural, action, thought and consequences • Describe the difference between kusala and akusala actions: • Explain what kusala and akusala means • Be able to give examples of kusala and akusala action/motivation • Suggest a Buddhist response to ethical actions: • Use a moral issue to demonstrate understanding of karmic effect • Describe a Buddhist view towards moral relativism

  5. Learning Intentions & Criteria for Success • Explain what Buddhists understand by Karma: • Describe the karmic process • Use key words like bija, natural, action, thought and consequences • Describe the difference between kusala and akusala actions: • Explain what kusala and akusala means • Be able to give examples of kusala and akusala action/motivation • Suggest a Buddhist response to ethical actions: • Use a moral issue to demonstrate understanding of karmic effect • Describe a Buddhist view towards moral relativism

  6. Learning Intentions & Criteria for Success • Explain what Buddhists understand by Karma: • Describe the karmic process • Use key words like bija, natural, action, thought and consequences • Describe the difference between kusala and akusala actions: • Explain what kusala and akusala means • Be able to give examples of kusala and akusala action/motivation • Suggest a Buddhist response to ethical actions: • Use a moral issue to demonstrate understanding of karmic effect • Describe a Buddhist view towards moral relativism

  7. Learning Intentions & Criteria for Success • Explain what Buddhists understand by Karma: • Describe the karmic process • Use key words like bija, natural, action, thought and consequences • Describe the difference between kusala and akusala actions: • Explain what kusala and akusala means • Be able to give examples of kusala and akusala action/motivation • Suggest a Buddhist response to ethical actions: • Use a moral issue to demonstrate understanding of karmic effect • Describe a Buddhist view towards moral relativism

  8. Learning Intentions & Criteria for Success • Explain what Buddhists understand by Karma: • Describe the karmic process • Use key words like bija, natural, action, thought and consequences • Describe the difference between kusala and akusala actions: • Explain what kusala and akusala means • Be able to give examples of kusala and akusala action/motivation • Suggest a Buddhist response to ethical actions: • Use a moral issue to demonstrate understanding of karmic effect • Describe a Buddhist view towards moral relativism

  9. Goals Overall • The goals, Nibbana (understandings) • Benefits and difficulties of Karma • Importance / Benefits /difficulties of Kusala/ Akusala actions • Compassion

  10. 1 Sentence Summary In no more than one sentence... What is Karma? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKs2GUsw4zk&feature=related What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment.

  11. Learning Intention

  12. The Goals • What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment. • What is the final aim of existence? The final aim of existence is to attain Enlightenment.

  13. The Goals • What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment. • What is the final aim of existence? The final aim of existence is to attain Enlightenment.

  14. The Goals • What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment. • Kamma — the natural law of cause and effect; • ‘unskilful’ actions bind the unenlightened to samsara, ‘skilful’ actions lead towards enlightenment.

  15. The Goals • Buddhists believe that there is a purpose to our existence, our life is for something. • What’s more, they believe that a new ‘you’ is created every moment (think Anicca and Anatta).

  16. The Goals • This new ‘you’ is dependant on choices by the previous ‘you’. • In a way ‘you’ die every moment for the new ‘you’ to be created.

  17. So… it doesn’t matter so much about physical death, it’s about now. What kind of person are you recreating by your thoughts and actions every moment? e.g. are you paying attention?!

  18. Being human... • We are living in ignorance and we suffer. • The Goal of life is enlightenment: to become Buddha or ‘awaken’ from this ignorance • Only humans are capable of enlightenment. • It is your actions and thoughts now that are important. • There is no God to help you.

  19. Reflection What are your goals in life? Does your life have a point? Should your life have a point? What happens when you die? Does this affect the way you live? How should you live? What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment.

  20. The Law of Karma

  21. The Law of Karma • A natural law of cause and effect. • Like gravity • Based on observation • All things are dependent on others • Your present condition is due to your previous karma and your future condition is due to your karma now.

  22. Bad Karma?

  23. The Law of Karma

  24. The Law of Karma • Our present existence is shaped by the pattern of actions set up in previous existence. • We are in control of our own lives and responsible for our present situation (most non-Buddhists find this difficult to accept).

  25. Bija • A ‘bija’ is a karmic seed. • Each time you make a conscious ethical decision, you plant one... • Each seed will eventually return and impact on your ever-changing consciousness.

  26. Bija If you plant cherry seeds you will get a cherry tree...

  27. What is the root of the action? Good roots produce good fruits - good karmic intentions will plant positive bija and produce good karmic consequences. So... according to Buddhists, what things will produce negative karmic consequences (and keep you trapped in samsara)?

  28. Key Word Summary Using these key words... Natural law, action, thought, consequence, bija, samsara. Explain what Buddhists understand about Karma. What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment.

  29. Skilful and Unskilfulintention & action Skilful - Kusala Unskilful - Akusala Selfish desire, craving, greed: Tanha Hatred, aggression Ignorance, delusion: Avijja • Non-attachment, unselfish desire • Kindness, compassion, peacefulness • Understanding, enlightenment What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment.

  30. Skilful and Unskilfulintention & action Skilful - Kusala Unskilful - Akusala Lead to negative karmic effects Rebirth in non-human realm Traps ever-changing consciousness in samsara • Lead to positive karmic effects • Rebirth in human realm / escape samsara • Liberates ever-changing consciousness from samsara What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment.

  31. The Law of Karma Every conscious ethical choice you make has a consequence. The nature of your decisions now will have a direct impact on your future.

  32. A-B-C SHOW ME Are these actions are kusala / akusala? Kick a dog and break it’s jaw. Give a friend £20. Stop a thief. Loan someone a pencil. Turn off a life support machine. Kill a criminal. Eat a steak. What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment.

  33. The Law of Karma KEY QUESTION: Was the intention chanda or tanha? Was the intention skilful or unskilful?

  34. Dalai Lama XIV “Know the rules well, so you can break them effectively.”

  35. The Law of Karma Buddha encouraged critical thinking and evaluation: “Question everything.” No moral absolutes, ‘rules’ or ‘laws’ in Buddhism – moral relativism. What was the motivation? Failure to think actions through is also taken into account.

  36. COMPASSION Basically, if your actions are compassionate, you can’t really go wrong.

  37. TRUE / FALSE Are these statements TRUE or FALSE? (T/F on Show-Me Boards) All actions are morally acceptable depending on the situation. What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment.

  38. Learning Intentions & Criteria for Success • Explain what Buddhists understand by Karma: • Describe the karmic process • Use key words like bija, natural, action, thought and cosequences • Describe the difference between kusala and akusala actions: • Explain what kusala and akusala means • Be able to give examples of kusala and akusala action/motivation • Suggest a Buddhist response to ethical actions: • Use a moral issue to demonstrate understanding of karmic effect • Describe a Buddhist view towards moral relativism

  39. Learning Intention

  40. Karma band • Decide whether you will be concentrating on kusala or akusala actions. • Each time one of these happens, switch the band to your other wrist. What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment.

  41. Check Your Learning:Knowledge and Understanding Describe how Kamma works. 4 KU (6 min) What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment.

  42. Kamma is volitional actions – good or bad. • Natural law of cause and effect – good actions bring good effects, bad actions bring bad effects. • Results of our actions are visited upon us at a future time – either immediately, later in this life, or in future lifetime. • Doesn’t need to come back in same form. • Impossible to trace back web of actions. • Results of Kamma can’t be avoided. • Welcome Kamma as natural consequence of previous actions.

  43. Check Your Learning:Analysis and Evaluation How would belief in Karma effect a Buddhists Life 4AE (6 min) What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment.

  44. Engage in activities that lead to the complete cessation of suffering, • To do good Actions (Kusala) • Be consciously aware of actions. • Act with the intention of compassion. • No moral absolutes – think about every decision.

  45. Check Your Learning:Analysis and Evaluation Explain how Karma is linked to Samsara 4AE (6 min) What are the goals during life? The goal during life is to make progress towards Enlightenment.

  46. ‘Unskilful’ actions bind us to Samsara – so can’t reach Nibbana. • ‘Skilful actions lead towards enlightenment – Nibbana away from Samsara. • Bad Kamma is result of three root poisons. If we are unenlightened we will put out greedy actions, hateful actions, ignorant actions. All these lead to rebirth, because we’re not enlightened. So our Kamma causes us not to reach Nibbana. • It’s our Kamma that sparks the new existence on Samsara. • Once Nibbana is achieved we cease to put out bad Kamma – escape from Samsara.

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