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Translation

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Translation • The nucleotide sequence of mRNA codes for the different amino acids found in proteins. • There are three nucleotides per codon. • There are 64 possible combinations of A, U, G, and C. • The genetic code is redundant. Some proteins are coded for by more than one codon.

  2. Table 27.4: mRNA Codons • Alanine Arginine Asparagine Aspartic Acid Cysteine • GCU GCA CGU CGA AAU GAU UGUGCC GCG AGA CGC AAC GAC UGC CGG AGG • Glutamic acid Glutamine Glycine Histidine IsoleucineGAA CAA GGU GGA CAU AUU AUAGAG CAG GGC GGG CAC AUC • Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine ProlineUUA CUU AAA AUG UUU CCU CCA CUA UUG AAG UUC CCC CGCUC CUG • Serine Threonine Tryptophan Tyrosine ValineUCU UCA ACU ACA UGG UAU GUU GUAAGU UCC ACC ACG UAC GUC GUGUCG AGC

  3. Transfer tRNA • There are 20 different tRNAs, one for each amino acid. • Each tRNA is single stranded with a CCA triplet at its 3' end. • A particular amino acid is attached to the tRNA by an ester linkage involving the carboxyl group of the amino acid and the 3' oxygen of the tRNA.

  4. Phenylalanine tRNA

  5. O OCCHCH2C6H5 + NH3 A C C A C G C C G U G U A A U C A U U C A A C U G A A G C C U C G U G U G C U G G G C A G A G G A C G C A U G A A U A A A Phenylalanine tRNA This AAA triplet is complementary to a UUU tripletof mRNA; it is an anticodon.

  6. Initiation Step

  7. Peptide Chain Formation

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