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Basics of Geography

Basics of Geography. Does yours look like this?. Arctic Ocean. Europe. Asia. NA. Atlantic Ocean. Africa. Pacific Ocean. SA. Indian Ocean. Pacific Ocean. Australia. Antartica. Other Regions of the World. Pacific Rim (Ring of Fire). Middle East/ SW Asia.

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Basics of Geography

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  1. Basics of Geography

  2. Does yours look like this?

  3. Arctic Ocean Europe Asia NA Atlantic Ocean Africa Pacific Ocean SA Indian Ocean Pacific Ocean Australia Antartica

  4. Other Regions of the World Pacific Rim (Ring of Fire) Middle East/ SW Asia Central America / Latin America Sub Sahara Africa SE Asia

  5. “We are all bound by our geography. It helps dictate who we are and who we become”

  6. What does geography influence? • Job • Activities • Foods • Clothing • Language • Music • Interests • Culture

  7. What is cultural diffusion?

  8. Cultural Diffusion • The spread of ideas, language, religion, and technology from one place to another

  9. Examples • Pizza • Chinese Food • Uggs • Playstation • Tim Hortons

  10. The People of Social Studies

  11. People of Social Studies • Political Scientist – Person who studies governments and their relationships

  12. Anthropologist • Person who studies cultures

  13. Archaeologist • Person who studies artifacts and bones of different cultures

  14. Economist • One who studies resources and how they are used

  15. Geographer • One that studies geographical features and their impact on history

  16. Types of Maps Activity: On a scrap piece of paper draw a map of the world

  17. Political Map • Shows borders and capitals as well as major cities

  18. Topographic Map • Shows landforms and physical features of area

  19. Cartogram Map • Shows the size of a country or area based upon what is being measured

  20. Latitude and Longitude

  21. Latitude • Measures North and South from Equator (0 Degrees)

  22. Longitude • Measures East and West from Prime Meridian (0 Degrees)

  23. Hemisphere • Hemi = Half • Earth can be split 2 ways, either by using Equator or by using Prime Meridian

  24. If Split by Equator… • We get the Northern and Southern Hemispheres

  25. If Split by Prime Meridian • We get the Eastern and Western Hemispheres

  26. Sources

  27. Sources in Social studies • Primary Source – Came from the time in which the person was living • Examples: Diary, journal, autobiography • Ex. A book about Adolf Hitler written in 1940.

  28. Secondary Source • A book or material written by someone not in that time period. • Example: Biography • Ex. Mr. Russell writing a book about Adolf Hitler

  29. Why does cultural diffusion happen? • Trade • Communication • Forced/ Conquering

  30. If you could live anywhere in the world, were would it be? Why?

  31. Importance of Water • Why do we need water? • To live • To drink • To clean • For crops • For travel

  32. Water in regard to geography • It can bring places together  link them Ex. Japan, Korea and China • Or it keep them apart • Europe and America till 1400’s

  33. Coastlines

  34. Irregular Coastlines • Jagged Coastline • Good for bays, harbors, trade!!

  35. Examples

  36. Regular Coastline • Smooth coastline • No bays, harbors • Hinders trade

  37. Examples

  38. Mountain Ranges Or, the good, the bad, and the ugly

  39. European Mountains: Not a Problem • Pyrenees divide but do not isolate • Alps - highest range, central southern Europe • Apennines, Dinaric, Balkans, Carpathians do not isolate • Kjolen Mts. • Borders: Caucasus and Urals • Irregular Coast and Navigable Rivers lessen isolation

  40. Latin American Mountains • The Andes • Altiplano • Sierra Madres • Central Mexican Plateau

  41. VERTICAL CLIMATE • At Sea Level, Tropical Fruits and Crops Grown • Temperate Vegetables, Coffee at higher zone • Cold Zone: Potatoes • Vertical Climate allows a variety of goods and trade among regions.

  42. Middle East-Desert and Plateaus • TURKEY: THE ANATOLIAN PLATEAU • THE IRANIAN PLATEAU (dry) • Saudi “Empty Quarter” • Most Live Near Fertile Crescent, Nile, or Coast.

  43. Africa:Vast Plateau, Poor Soil • ATLAS MOUNTAINS • DRAKENSBURG MOUNTAINS • RUWENZORI Mts. • GREAT RIFT VALLEY • Rivers do not unite continent

  44. Ural Mts. Volcanoes Altai TienShan Pamirs and Hindu Kush Kunlun Himalayas Volcanoes

  45. ISOLATION • The Andes isolate Chile from Argentina and slowed their wars • The Chinese and Indians have developed separate cultures due to their isolation

  46. How do mountains affect people? • Isolate people – create borders • STOP CULTURAL DIFFUSION!!!! • Lack arable (Farming) land • Natural Defense (Buffer Zone) • Separate people (Balkans in Europe) • Colder due to vertical climate (lower population)

  47. Deserts

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