cooper-beard
Uploaded by
23 SLIDES
363 VUES
230LIKES

The Journey from Food to Energy: Understanding Glycolysis and Respiration

DESCRIPTION

This chapter explores the metabolic pathways that convert food into energy, focusing on glycolysis, fermentation, and aerobic respiration. Glycolysis breaks glucose into two pyruvic acid molecules in the cytoplasm, generating a net gain of 2 ATP. In anaerobic conditions, fermentation allows glycolysis to continue by converting NADH back to NAD+. The chapter compares alcoholic fermentation, used in brewing, and lactic acid fermentation, vital during intense exercise. Aerobic respiration, occurring in mitochondria, utilizes Kreb’s cycle and the electron transport chain to produce 36 ATP, making it significantly more efficient than glycolysis and fermentation.

1 / 23

Télécharger la présentation

The Journey from Food to Energy: Understanding Glycolysis and Respiration

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 9 Respiration

  2. The route from food to energy

  3. The route from food to energy

  4. Glycolysis • Breaks glucose down into 2 pyruvic acid molecules • Occurs in cytoplasm

  5. Glycolysis • 2 ATP invested • 4 ATP generated • 2 “net” ATP gained • Fast process! • But… runs out of NAD+ rather quickly • Process can’t go further

  6. Fermentation • Occurs after glycolysis • Does not require oxygen • Anaerobic • Switches NADH back into NAD+ • Allows glycolysis to continue

  7. Fermentation • Two flavors • Alcoholic fermentation • Lactic acid fermentation

  8. Alcoholic fermentation • Done by yeast and other microbes • Formula • Makes bread, wine, and other food products

  9. Lactic Acid Fermentation • Done in our muscles! • And other cells too • Formula

  10. Lactic Acid Fermentation • Done in muscles during rapid exercise • Lactic acid causes the pH to drop in your cells • Makes you feel a burn, stop until you can get O2 again • Makes cheese, yogurt, buttermilk, sour cream and other products

  11. ALCOHOLIC LACTIC ACID

  12. Aerobic Respiration • After glycolysis • Only in eukaryotes • Require oxygen—aerobic • NOT THE SAME AS REGULAR RESPIRATION!

  13. Where does aerobic respiration happen? • In the mitochondria! • Mitochondria are organelles that convert the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use

  14. 2 Main steps of Aerobic Respiration • Kreb’s cycle • Pyruvic acid is broken down into CO2 in a series of energy-extracting reactions • Also known as the Citric Acid Cycle • 2 ATP are generated

  15. Kreb’s Cycle

  16. 2 Main steps of Aerobic Respiration • Electron Transport Chain • Uses high energy electrons from the Kreb’s cycle to convert ADP into ATP • 32 ATP are produced

  17. Comparing Aerobic Respiration to glycolysis and Fermentation • Glycolysis 2 ATP • Fermentation 0 ATP • Kreb’s Cycle 2 ATP • Electron transport 32 ATP • Anaerobic _________ • Aerobic ___________ AEROBIC RESPIRATION is 18 TIMES MORE EFFICIENT!

  18. Where to go for energy? • Instant energy—glycolysis LESS ATP • Fast energy—fermentation • Slow energy—cellular respiration MOST ATP

More Related