1 / 12

Bones & Joints

Bones & Joints. ACCESS HE Human Biology. Introduction. Bones are connected to each other by connective tissue. Where two bones meet a joint is formed. Without joints the skeleton would not be able to move or have very limited movement.

cseeley
Télécharger la présentation

Bones & Joints

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Bones & Joints ACCESS HE Human Biology Clare Hargreaves-Norris

  2. Introduction • Bones are connected to each other by connective tissue. • Where two bones meet a joint is formed. • Without joints the skeleton would not be able to move or have very limited movement. • Fibrous connective tissue is used for immovable joints such is the cranium. • Fibro-cartilage is used for semi-moveable joints such as the vertebrae. • The most common joints are synovial joints and these hold freely moveable joints together by a connective tissue called a ligament. Clare Hargreaves-Norris

  3. Synovial joints • Synovial joints have a fibrous capsule. • The fibrous capsule is lined with synovial membrane which secretes synovial fluid. • Synovial fluid lubricates the joint. • Articular cartilage coats the ends of the bones to protect against wear and tear by reducing friction at the joint. • Extra ligaments may surround the outside of the joint to provide extra strength. • Some joints also contain discs of cartilage to maintain stability. • However, the main support to the joints is provided by muscles. Clare Hargreaves-Norris

  4. Synovial joints. • There are several types of synovial joints. • Ball and Socket. • Hinge. • Pivot. • Saddle. • Gliding. • Condyliod. Clare Hargreaves-Norris

  5. Planes of Movement. • Flexion, (bones of joints brought towards each other) and Extension, (straightening). • Abduction, (away from the body) and Adduction (towards the body). • Rotation, (turning around), Pronation (palms upwards) and Supination (palms downwards). Clare Hargreaves-Norris

  6. Clare Hargreaves-Norris

  7. Clare Hargreaves-Norris

  8. Clare Hargreaves-Norris

  9. Clare Hargreaves-Norris

  10. Clare Hargreaves-Norris

  11. Clare Hargreaves-Norris

  12. Terminology. • Lamella: a thin layer. • Lacuna: a small cavity or depresssion. • Osteocyte: bone cell. • Concentric: circular. • Periosteum: hard outer shell of bone. • Circumferential: around the edge. • Trabecula: thin bars of bony tissue in cancellous (spongy) bone. Clare Hargreaves-Norris

More Related