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Polyatomic Ions

Polyatomic Ions. an electrically charged group of two or more covalently bonded atoms that functions as a single ion NH 4 + ammonium OH - hydroxide NO 3 - nitr ate NO 2 - nitr ite CO 3 2- ______________ HCO 3 - hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate). carbonate.

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Polyatomic Ions

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  1. Polyatomic Ions • an electrically charged group of two or more covalently bonded atoms that functions as a single ion NH4+ ammonium OH- hydroxide NO3- nitrate NO2- nitrite CO32- ______________ HCO3- hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate) carbonate

  2. More Polyatomic Ions Sulfur SO42- sulfate SO32- sulfite HSO4-hydrogen sulfate HSO3- hydrogen sulfite Phosphate PO43- phosphate PO33- ____________ HPO42- _______________________________ H2PO4- dihydrogen phosphate phosphite hydrogenphosphate

  3. Naming Ternary Compounds • Contain at least 3 elements • Name the nonmetals as a polyatomic ion • Examples: NaNO3Sodium nitrate K2SO4Potassium sulfate Al(HCO3)3Aluminumbicarbonate oraluminumhydrogen carbonate

  4. Learning Check Match each set with the correct name: A.Na2CO31)magnesium sulfite MgSO3 2) magnesium sulfate MgSO4 3) sodium carbonate B. Ca(HCO3)21) calcium carbonate CaCO3 2) calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 3) calcium bicarbonate

  5. Solution A.Na2CO33) sodium carbonate MgSO3 1) magnesium sulfite MgSO4 2) magnesium sulfate B. Ca(HCO3)23) calcium bicarbonate CaCO3 1) calcium carbonate Ca3(PO4)22) calcium phosphate

  6. Naming Ternary Ionic Compounds • NaNO3 • CaSO4 • CuSO3 • (NH4)2O • LiCN • Fe(OH)3 • (NH4)2CO3 • NiPO4

  7. Ionic Names Consider the following: Does it contain a polyatomic ion? -ide, 2 elements  no -ate, -ite, 3+ elements  yes Does it contain a Roman numeral? Check the table for metals not in Groups 1 or 2. No prefixes!

  8. Ionic Names potassium chloride magnesium nitrate copper(II) chloride  KCl K+ Cl- Mg2+ NO3-  Mg(NO3)2  CuCl2 Cu2+ Cl-

  9. Ionic Names NaBr Na2CO3 FeCl3 sodium bromide sodium carbonate iron(III) chloride

  10. Writing Formulas • Write the positive ion, then write the negative ion • The charges have to add up to zero • Write the number of ions needed as subscripts • Put more than one polyatomic ions in parenthesis • If anion ends in -ate or -ite it is polyatomic • Don’t show charges in the final formula.

  11. Learning Check A. aluminum nitrate Al(NO3)3 B. copper(II) nitrate Cu(NO3)2 C. Iron (III) hydroxide Fe(OH)3 D. Tin(IV) hydroxide Sn(OH)4

  12. Write the formulas for Lithium sulfide Tin(II) oxide Tin(IV) oxide Magnesium fluoride Copper(II) sulfate Iron(III) phosphide Gallium nitrate Iron(III) sulfide Barium nitrate Ammonium chloride ammonium sulfide

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