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Figure 6-1 Growth pattern of Internet hosts

Million. Figure 6-1 Growth pattern of Internet hosts. Backbone. The Internet Infrastructure. ISP POPs T-3s. NAPs. Businesses T-1s. HOME Dial-up, DSL, Cable. ISPs. Subscribers. Figure 6-2 The Internet Hierarchy. Figure 6-3 A Router joining three networks. Internet. Switch. Router.

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Figure 6-1 Growth pattern of Internet hosts

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  1. Million Figure 6-1 Growth pattern of Internet hosts

  2. Backbone The Internet Infrastructure ISP POPs T-3s NAPs Businesses T-1s HOME Dial-up, DSL, Cable ISPs Subscribers Figure 6-2 The Internet Hierarchy

  3. Figure 6-3 A Router joining three networks Internet Switch Router Switch

  4. Application SCTP COPS SOCKS SLP WCCP FTP, Telnet, SMTP POP3, HTTP, x-windows Figure 6-4 TCP/IP Suite of Protocols • CMOT, SNAP HTTP, SSH RADIUS ISAKMP RTSP TACACS+, TACACS TFTP NTP IMAP4 GDP RLOGIN, RSHELL, PRINT, REXEC, RWHO Presentation Session NetBIOS-SSN DNS SS7 DSMCC (MPEG) NetBIOS-SN LDAP Transport XOT TALI RUDP Net-Bios-DGM ISO DE Mobile IP TCP UDP PIM Network DHCP BOOTP ICMP RSVP VRRP IGMP RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF, BGP, GGP, GRE IP ESP AH TDP, MPLS Data Link RSRB ARP, RARP, IARP, SLAPP CSLIP, SLIP L2F, RRTP, L2TP, ATMP Trailers STUN-SDLC Physical

  5. Figure 6-5 Distance Vector vs. Link State Pure Distance Vector Link State vs Distance Vector Destination X Destination unreachable Cost = 5 B A Cost = 3 Cost = 10 C D Cost = 1 Source

  6. AS100 AS (Autonomous Systems) AS300 AS200 Exterior protocol running here Interior protocol running here Figure 6-6 Interior and Exterior Protocols

  7. Figure 6-7 The Anatomy of an IPv4 address Class First Octet Decimal range values First Octet Binary Range values Octet 1 Octet 2 Octet 3 Octet 4 A 0 - 127 00000000 - 01111111 Network Host Host Host B 128 - 191 10000000 - 10111111 Network Network Host Host C 192 - 223 11000000 - 11011111 Network Network Network Host D 224 - 239 11100000 - 11101111 NNNNHHHH Host Host Host E 240 - 255 11110000 - 11111111 NNNNHHHH Host Host Host Octet = 8 bits N = network portion of the IP address H = host portion of the IP address Examples: 10.212.215.33 Class A 128.219.34.254 Class B 199.111.6.200 Class C 224.89.67.222 Class D 242.224.128.0 Class E

  8. Internet OUT e-bay 66.135.192.87 IN IN Figure 6-8 Network Address Translation Your IP address: 172.16.20.33 PUBLIC Network Inside IP address: 172.16.20.1 PRIVATE Network NAT Router OUT outside IP address: 62.134.17.252 LAN A NAT router translates IP addresses coming into and leaving the private network

  9. Internet Router NIC 1 Switch NIC 2 NIC 3 Firewall Web server Switch FTP Server E-mail server DMZ E-mail server Web server File server Protected Zone Figure 6-9 A firewall using DMZ

  10. TCP/IP Internet Router Router IPX/SPX only Dead zone TCP/IP Firewall IPX/SPX only Router Protected Zone Protected Zone Switch Switch E-mail server E-mail server Web server Web server File server TCP/IP File server IPX/SPX Figure 6-10 Firewalls using Protocol Switching

  11. Chapter 6

  12. Printer Server Client Figure 6-4 Client Server

  13. AS 100 AS 200 Interior Routing Protocol Exterior Routing Protocol AS 300 AS (Autonomous Systems) Figure 6-6 Interior and Exterior Protocols

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