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Understanding Weather and Climate: Key Concepts in Physical Geography

This chapter from "Introduction to Geography" by Getis, Getis, and Fellmann explores the fundamental principles of weather and climate. It examines air temperature, pressure, winds, ocean currents, and moisture in the atmosphere. Key topics include the Coriolis effect, climatic zones such as tropical and arid climates, and the impact of climate on soil formation and natural vegetation. The chapter also highlights the importance of climate change and the cyclical nature of climatic variations, providing a comprehensive overview of physical geography's role in understanding our planet's climate systems.

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Understanding Weather and Climate: Key Concepts in Physical Geography

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Introduction to Geography By: Arthur Getis Judith Getis Jerome D. Fellmann

  2. Chapter 4 Physical Geography: Weather and Climate

  3. Overview • Air Temperature • Air Pressure and Winds • Ocean Currents • Moisture in the Atmosphere • Climate • Climatic Change

  4. Air Temperature • Earth Inclination • Reflection and Reradiation • The Lapse Rate

  5. Air Pressure and Winds • Pressure Gradient Force • The Convection System • Land and Sea Breezes • Mountain and Valley Breezes • Coriolis Effect

  6. Air Pressure and Winds (cont.) • The Frictional Effect • The Global Air-Circulation Pattern

  7. Ocean Currents • North Atlantic Drift • El Niño

  8. Moisture in the Atmosphere • Types of Precipitation • Storms

  9. Climate • Soils and Climate • Soil Formation • Soil Profiles and Horizons • Soil Properties • Soil Classification • Natural Vegetation and Climate • Succession • Natural Vegetation and Regions

  10. Climate (cont.) • Climate Regions • The Tropical Climates • Tropical Rain Forest • Savanna • Dryland climates and Midlatitude Semideserts • Hot Deserts • Midlatitude Deserts and Semideserts

  11. Climate (cont.) • Humid Midlatitude Climates • Mediterranean Climate • Humid Subtropical Climate • Marine West Coast Climate • Humid Continental Climate • Subarctic and Arctic Climates

  12. Climatic Change • Inconstant Climates • Cyclical Change

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