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Laws Guiding Deterrence

Learn about the MMPA and its provisions for the protection of marine mammals. Understand what constitutes "take" and "harassment" and explore exceptions for scientific research, public display, and native harvest. Discover how intentional take can be authorized for deterrence purposes.

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Laws Guiding Deterrence

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  1. Laws Guiding Deterrence

  2. Endangered Species Act

  3. Marine Mammal Protection Act

  4. “Take” is defined as “harass, hunt, capture, or kill”. “Harass” is any action that has the potential to injure or disturb a marine mammal.

  5. Scientific Research Lethal Take Public Display MMPA Exceptions Native Harvest

  6. Incidental Take Intentional Take • Planned • Purposeful • Directed • Infrequent • Unavoidable • Accidental “Deterrence” or “Hazing” are the terms most commonly used to describe “Intentional Take”

  7. FWS can transfer their authority to individuals / stakeholders

  8. Deterrence/Intentional Take Authorization: Sections 101(a)(4)(A), 109(h) and 112(c) of MMPA Types of harassment: Level A: potential injury Level B: potential disturbance Courtesy of Alyeska

  9. Letter of Authorization

  10. Reporting

  11. The FWS assists the North Slope Borough and the Alaska Nanuuq Commission in developing bear patrol programs in communities along the coast of Alaska.

  12. The End Laws Guiding Deterrence

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