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Chapter 7

Chapter 7. Issues of the Gilded Age. 7.1 Segregation and Social Trends. Objectives: Assess how whites created a segregated society in the South and how African Americans responded Analyze efforts to limit immigration and the effects

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Chapter 7

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  1. Chapter 7 Issues of the Gilded Age

  2. 7.1 Segregation and Social Trends • Objectives: • Assess how whites created a segregated society in the South and how African Americans responded • Analyze efforts to limit immigration and the effects • Compare the situations of Mexican Americans and of women to those of other groups

  3. African Americans Lose Freedoms • Southern states got around the 15th amendment by enacting a poll tax • Literacy tests • Grandfather clauses • Jim Crow laws in South • Plessy v. Ferguson 1896 “separate but equal”

  4. African Americans Oppose Injustices • Booker T. Washington • Should focus energy building up economic resources and establishing reputations • Vocational education • W.E.B. Du Bois • Demand full and immediate equality • Ida B. Wells • Newspaper “Free Speech”

  5. Chinese Immigrants Face Discrimination • 1879-CA barred cities from employing people of Chinese ancestry • “Oriental” School • Chinese Exclusion Act-banned Chinese laborers from entering the country • Federal courts • YickWo v. Hopkins –people of Chinese descent born in U.S. could not be stripped of citizenship

  6. Mexican Americans Struggle in the West • Mexican-American War-after, Mexicans were guaranteed property rights • Burden of proof-lost land to Americans • Las GorrasBlancas • Group formed to get land back • Backed by the Knights of Labor

  7. Women Make Gains and Suffer Setbacks • Susan B. Anthony • Wanted women included in 14th and 15th amendments • Formed the National Woman Suffrage Association • Fought for the right to vote • Number of women attending college increased

  8. 7.2 Political and Economic Challenges • Objectives • Analyze the issue of corruption in national politics in the 1870s and 1880s • Discuss civil service reform during the 1870s and 1880s • Assess the importance of economic issues in the politics of the Gilded Age

  9. Balance of Power Creates Stalemate • Party loyalties were extremely even • Made it hard to pass laws • Weak Presidents • Hayes, Harrison, Garfield, Arthur • Pres. Cleveland was known for integrity

  10. Corruption in Politics • Many gov. officials accepted bribes • Political cartoons expressed concerns about the damaging effects of corruption and big money • Spoils System-gov. jobs to loyal party workers • Promoted civil service reform • Pendleton Civil Service Act: exam to get gov. job

  11. Economic Issues • Gold standard-gov. used gold as the basis of the nation’s currency • Debates on tariffs • Republicans-favored high tariffs=promote jobs • Democrats-said high tariffs increased costs and made it difficult to sell abroad

  12. Create your own! • Create a political cartoon for the Gilded age. • Any topic from Ch. 6 or 7 • Make sure you include • Caption • description of the drawing • Be creative!

  13. 7.3 Farmers and Populism • Objectives • Analyze the problems farmers faced and the groups they formed to address them • Assess the goals of the Populists, and explain why they Populist Party did not last

  14. Farmers Face Many Problems • 1870-1895 farm prices fell dramatically • Cost more to produce than they could get selling it • Tenement farmers • Blamed big business • Railroads and banks • Felt that gov. turned their back on them

  15. Organize and Seek Change • Oliver H. Kelley- • The Grange: org. to promote education on new techniques and called for the regulation of railroads • Farmers’ Alliance • Collectively sold crops and wanted government to establish “sub-treasuries”

  16. Populist Party • The People’s Party 1882 • “grass roots” and spread rapidly • Goals: • fight corruption • Increase monetary supply • gov. ownership of railroads

  17. Economic Crisis and Populism’s Decline • Election of 1896-Bryan (D) v. McKinley (R) • Bryan- • “Cross of Gold Speech” • Indorsed by Populists • McKinley • Much more $ than Bryan • Won election • Party fell apart after election • Some reforms did become a reality

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