SEMINAR PRESENTATION

1. SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON REMOTE SENSING Kumari Shradha,Khushboo ETC-05-267,05-273

2. REMOTE SENSING • Remote sensing means sensing things from a distance. • “Remote sensing is the measurement or acquisition of information of some property of an object or phenomenon, by a recording device that is not in physical or intimate contact with the object or phenomenon under study”

3. The basic example of REMOTE SENSING Passive remote sensing Active remote sensing

4. Remote Sensing Process • In remote sensing, different process are involves an interaction between incident radiations and targets of interest. These process are shown in figure:- A-Energy Source or Illumination B-Radiation and the Atmosphere C-Interaction with the Target D-Recording of Energy by the Sensor E-Transmission,Reception,& Processing F-Interpretation and Analysis G-Application

5. Selection of Sensor Parameters • Spatial Resolution – the smallest possible object can be detected from a point. • Spectral Resolution – distinguish between different colours of the object. • Radiometric Resolution – differentiate the smallest change in the spectral reflectance between various target.

6. Infra-Red Remote Sensing • Infrared remote sensing makes use of infrared sensors to detect infrared radiation emitted from the Earth's surface • These radiations are emitted from warm objects such as the Earth's surface • Black Body Radiation : Hypothetical, ideal radiator that totally absorbs and reemits all energy incident upon it.

7. Microwave Remote Sensing • Microwave radiation can penetrate through cloud cover, haze, dust • This property allows detection of microwave energy under almost all weather and environmental conditions so that data can be collected at any time. Microwave radiometer : • It operate in shorter microwave wavelengths than radar up to 300 mm. • It is an passive microwave remote sensing.

8. LiDAR • Lidar is an acronym of Light Detection and Ranging • It is an active optical remote sensing technology that measures properties of scattered light to find range and/or other information of a distant target • The prevalent method to determine distance to an object or surface is to use laser pulses • Thus lidar is highly sensitive to aerosols and cloud particles and has many applications in atmospheric research and meteorology

9. Side-looking Airborne Radar (SLAR)

10. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) SAR is based on the generation of an effective long antenna by means of signal processing instead of the actual long physical antenna.

11. Radar Image Distortions Layover effect Shadow effect

12. Remote Sensing Platforms → Ground based platforms → Aerial platforms → Satellite platforms

13. Applications • Disaster monitoring and mitigation : There is vulnerable to several types of disasters causing wide scale human and financial losses, every year. There are some satellites and available microwave data from the international satellite missions as well as aerial photography/Airborne Laser Terrain Mapper (ALTM)/ASAR provide necessary data. Remote sensing data has also helped in the preparation of landslide hazard zonation maps using databases on slope, vegetation and land use. • In Forestry : The forester, who needs information about what types of trees are growing and if they have been affected by disease, fire, or pollution. These informations provide by remote sensing.

14. Conclusion • Remote sensing is one of the major aid of modern satellite system to the government and administration. This has proved its usefulness in assessing the loss during a disaster and calamity like flood. • It has been useful for our policymakers by providing them valuable data regarding natural wealth and resources like forest and ore. There are some modern antennas used for the good transmission of the data from satellite to the ground station.

15. THANK YOU