INDIA UNDER BRITISH RULE

1. INDIA UNDER BRITISH RULE • EUROPEAN PRESENCE • A STRUGGLE FOR POWER BEGINS – EARLY 1700S • MUGHAL EMPIRE IN DECLINE • BRITISH AND FRENCH RISE TO POWER • COMPETE FOR POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC POWER • COMPETE TO TAP NEW SOURCES OF WEALTH • FIGHTING BREAKS OUT • BOTH FIND ALLIES AMONG INDIAN RULERS • 1760S – BRITISH VICTORIOUS

2. BRITISH RULE • INDIAN GRIEVEANCES BY 1850S • “SATI” OUTLAWED BY BRITISH • INDIAN PRINCES RESENT FOREIGN DOMINATION • HIGH TAXES ANGER FARMERS • CHRISTIAN MISSIONARIES RESENTED BY HINDUS AND MUSLIMS • REPRESENTED A THREAT TO ENTIRE WAY OF LIFE/CULTURE. WHAT ARE THE 7 ELEMENTS OF CULTURE?

3. 7 ELEMENTS OF CULTURE • SOCIAL ORGANIZATION • CUSTOMS & TRADITIONS • LANGUAGE • ARTS & LITERATURE • RELIGION • FORMS OF GOVERNMENT • ECONOMIC SYSTEMS

4. ACTION TAKEN: SEPOY REBELLION OF 1857 • CAUSES • GENERAL UNREST • RUMORS THAT THEIR GUN CARTRIDGES WERE GREASED WITH BEEF OR PORK FAT • HINDUS BELIEVED COWS WERE SACRED • MUSLIMS FORBIDDEN TO TOUCH PORK • NEW LAW: INDIANS REQUIRED TO FIGHT FOR BRITAIN IN FOREIGN LANDS • RESULTS • BRITISH WON • POLITICAL CHANGES • 1858: INDIA BECAME A BRITISH COLONY • LEFT LASTING DISTRUST

5. EFFECTS OF BRITISH RULE • ECONOMIC CHANGES • IMPROVED ROADS • BUILDING OF RAILROADS & TELEGRAPH SYSTEMS • INDIA BECAME A MARKET FOR BRITISH GOODS – PASSED LAWS LIMITING THE IMPORT OF INDIAN GOODS

6. SOCIAL CHANGES • IMRPOVED HEALTHCARE/SANITATION • INFLUX OF YOUNG INDIANS INTO THE CITIES • ESTABLISHED SCHOOLS & COLLEGES TO EDUCATE HIGHER CASTES • BRITISH-EDUCATED INDIAN MIDDLE CLASS EMERGES • LEARNED ENGLISH • LEARNED HISTORY • POLITICAL IDEALS: LIBERTY, FREEDOM, CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED • CONTRIBUTES TO NATIONALISM

7. INDIAN NATIONALISM • INC: INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS • EST. 1885 • CONSISTED OF MOSTLY URBAN HINDUS • 1920 – GANDHI BECAME PRESIDENT • MUSLIM LEAGUE • EST. 1906 • LEADER – MUHAMMAD ALI JINNAH • BELIEVED SUBCONTINENT SHOULD BE DIVIDED INTO 2 NATIONS – HINDU AND MUSLIM