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British Rule In India

British Rule In India . Chapter 21.3. British Rule in India. 18 th century British power in India is increasing as Mogul rule is decreasing The East India Company is given more power by the British government to become actively involved in India’s political and military affairs.

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British Rule In India

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  1. British Rule In India Chapter 21.3

  2. British Rule in India • 18th century • British power in India is increasing as Mogul rule is decreasing • The East India Company is given more power by the British government to become actively involved in India’s political and military affairs.

  3. The Sepoy Mutiny • Sepoys (Indian soldiers) are hired by the British to protect the company's interests in the region • 1857 – Distrust of the British leads to revolt. • “The Great Rebellion” or the “Sepoy Mutiny” • Indians call it the “First War of Independence” • Revolt was caused by pig and cow fat rumor • Cow sacred to Hindus • Pig taboo to Muslims

  4. Indian troops outnumbered British troops 6 to 1, but were unorganized. Within a year, the revolt was over.

  5. Queen Victoria Proclaimed Ruler • Both sides had big loses and were violent • Indians massacred 200 women and children • British took revenge by executing the Indians. • Result of uprising, the British Parliament transferred powers of the East India Company to the British government.

  6. Colonial Rule • 1876 - Queen Victoria get title of Empress of India • Viceroy (a governor who ruled as a representative of the monarch) directly rules India. • Colonial rule of India the biggest in the world.

  7. Benefits and Costs of British Rule Benefits: Costs: • Brought order and stability to a society badly divided by a civil war • Led to fairly honest and efficient government • Lord Thomas Macaulay sets up a new school system • Goal to train Indian children to serve in the government and army • Railroads, telegraph and postal system introduced • School • Served only elite, upper-class Indians • 90% of population still illiterate • Indians did not benefit economically • British manufactured goods destroyed local industries • British taxes on Indians • British rule degrading • Best jobs, housing reserved for the British • Indians treated as inferiors to the British

  8. An Indian Nationalist Movement • Indian National Congress (INC) formed in 1885 • Called for share in the governing process • Religious differences kept the INC from uniting • Goal was to seek independence for all Indians • Many leaders were Hindu and reflected Hindu priorities • Muslims called for a separate Muslim League

  9. Mohandas Gandhi • Born 1869 • Studied in London - lawyer • 1893 – Lawyer in South Africa • Becomes active in Indian independence movement • Movement is based on non-violent resistance • Aimed for British to improve the lot of the poor and grant Independence to India. • Ultimately, Gandhi’s movement leads India to independence.

  10. You tube video clip • India’s Imperialism • 5 minutes

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