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Cell Division: Key Concepts and Processes Explained

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  1. Cell Division Big Idea: Organisms grow, reproduce, and maintain themselves through cell division

  2. All living things are made of cells • Cells are the most basic unit of life

  3. The study of life

  4. All living things must!! Made up of cells Reproduce Grow/ Change Obtain and have energy Respond/ adapt to the environment Eliminate waste Move

  5. Cell Theory • All organisms are made up of one or more cells • The cell is the basic unit of life • All cells come from other living cells

  6. Words to Know The duplicated chromosome consists of two chromatids held together by a centromere DNA becomes compacted with chromosomes chromatid DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid: genetic material that is found in all living things Chromosomes: DNA and protein combined as chromatin Centromere: where two identical sister chromatids stay in contact Chromatid: ½ of 2 identical copies of replicated chromosomes replicated copies of a chromosome. Chromatin: the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are composed • It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA Centromere DNA is the genetic material DNA wraps around the protein

  7. Chromatid: ½ of 2 identical copies of replicated chromosomes

  8. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid: genetic material that is found in all living things Chromosomes: DNA and protein combined as chromatin Centromere: where two identical sister chromatids stay in contact Chromatid: ½ of 2 identical copies of replicated chromosomes Chromatin: the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are composed • It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA

  9. Cell Division • It is the process of one cell dividing into two identical cells. • Fun Fact: Over 2 trillion divisions occur in average human body everyday!

  10. Cell Division • Cell division occurs in all organisms.

  11. Cell Division • Process which new cells are made. They make new cells to grow and replace dead ones. • It is involved in growth, development, and repair • Three types: binary fission, mitosis, and meiosis • All cells divide but only eukaryotes cell undergo mitosis

  12. Cell division is involved in growth, development, and repair. • Growth: Cells are always dividing and making more • Development: Cells become specialized to perform particular functions • Repair: Make new cells for the damaged ones

  13. Everything has a cycle All living things, grow, reproduce, and die called a life cycle

  14. Cell Cycle • Series of events that take place in an eukaryotic cell between its formation and the moment it replicates itself • It’s a sequence of three stages which a cell passes one stage to the next • Three Stages: Interphase, Mitosis, and Cytokinesis • So… a sequence of phases of the life of the cell

  15. Why is it important?

  16. Cell cycle has two main parts • Interphase: cell carries out the function and growth • Mitosis/ Cytokinesis: cell divides • All cells divide but only eukaryotes undergo mitosis

  17. The cycle

  18. The 5 Cycles

  19. Interphase • It is the longest part of the cycle • It has 3 stages • The cell is growing and replicating the chromosomes

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