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Elements in a TMDL Submittal. TMDL Process. 1. Description of waterbody , pollutant of concern, pollutant sources, and priority ranking. Problem Understanding. TMDL Target Identification. Source Assessment. 2. WQS and numeric WQ target*. Loading Capacity*
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Elements in a TMDL Submittal TMDL Process 1. Description of waterbody, pollutant of concern, pollutant sources, and priority ranking Problem Understanding TMDL Target Identification Source Assessment 2. WQS and numeric WQ target* • Loading Capacity* • (including critical conditions*) Linkage between Loading and Waterbody Response • 4. LAs* • 5. WLAs* • 6. MOS* • Seasonal Variation* • Reasonable Assurance+ Stakeholder Involvement & Public Participation Allocation Analysis Implementation and Monitoring Plan 9. Monitoring Plan+ 10. Implementation Plan+ 11. Public Participation* TMDL Report and Submittal * Required by regulation (40 CFR 130.7) + Recommended through guidance From Guidelines for Reviewing TMDLs under Existing Regulations issued in 1992 (May 20, 2002): http://www.epa.gov/owow/tmdl/guidance/final52002.html
Climate Change Assessment Process Elements in a Climate Change Assessment 1. Determine element of concern Problem Understanding 2. Downscaling approach Emission scenario Time horizon Identify Climate Trends Assess Vulnerability / Risk 5. Likelihood of event 6. Consequence of event Stakeholder Involvement & Public Participation Reduce sensitivity Reduce exposure Increase adaptive capacity Identify Adaptation Options Set priorities Select targets Adaptive management Implementation and Monitoring Adapted from Scanning the Conservation Horizon, A Guide to Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment (2011): http://www.nwf.org/News-and-Magazines/Media-Center/Reports/Archive/2011/Scanning-the-Horizon.aspx
TMDL and Climate Change Process Linkages Climate Change Process TMDL Process Problem Understanding Problem Understanding TMDL Target Identification Source Assessment Identify Climate Trends Linkage between Loading and Waterbody Response Assess Vulnerability / Risk Stakeholder Involvement & Public Participation Allocation Analysis Identify Adaptation Options Implementation and Monitoring Plan Implementation and Monitoring TMDL Report and Submittal
Focus on Steps 1 and 2 of TMDL Process: Water Temperature and Climate Change Problem Understanding Downscaling Approach Problem Understanding TMDL Target Identification Source Assessment Climate Model Time Horizon Emissions Scenario Identify Climate Trends • Key TMDL Considerations: • Could projected/anticipated climate change impacts affect : • Pollutants of concern? • Priority ranking of the waterbody? • Projected land use distribution? • Wildlife resources? • If so, is it appropriate to consider climate change in the TMDL analysis? • Will climate change affect/change criteria? • What is the planning horizon of the TMDL? • Key Climate Considerations: • What are the priority concerns related to water quality? • What types of climate data are available? • Is it necessary to model climate change? Meteorological data
Focus on Steps 3 - 8 of TMDL Process: Water Temperature and Climate Change Linkage between Loading and Waterbody Response Assess Vulnerability / Risk Identify Adaptation Options Allocation Analysis • Key TMDL Considerations: • How could climate data/models be defensibly incorporated into watershed models? • How might critical condition parameters change? • Could climate change cause a use to become unattainable? • Could climate change be addressed in MOS? • Should there be an allocation for future climate impacts? • How will impacts affect NPDES discharge permits? • How will impacts affect MS4 permits? Likelihood of Climate Induced Changes Air Temp Precipitation Consequences of Climate Induced Changes (Stream Temp.) Natural background Levels Seasonal Variability Flow Land Use
Focus on Steps 9 - 10 of TMDL Process: Water Temperature and Climate Change Implementation and Monitoring Plan Implementation and Monitoring TMDL Report and Submittal • Key TMDL Considerations: • Should climate change considerations be incorporated into monitoring plan? • What time horizons should be used? • What additional data might be needed? • What happens if climate change causes a use to become unattainable? • Key Climate Change Considerations: • How to develop a comprehensive management plan for addressing waterbodyhealth? • What are the most appropriate subsidiary regulatory tools?
Focus on Stakeholder Participation: Water Temperature and Climate Change • Key TMDL Considerations: • Climate change is a “charged” term, and stakeholders/public could be skeptical in discussing/considering climate change impacts. • Climate change assessment includes significant uncertainty. How could climate change information be presented to the public in a way that acknowledges this inherent uncertainty? • Climate change assessment requires additional data needs from the traditional TMDL process. How could stakeholders with relevant data and experience be identified and brought into the TMDL process?