1 / 23

MATTER & ENERGY

MATTER & ENERGY. KINETIC THEORY. All matter is made of atoms & molecules that act like tiny particles. Tiny particles are always in motion Higher temperature, faster particles move At same temperature, heavier particles move slower than lighter particles. SOLIDS . Have a definite shape

dior
Télécharger la présentation

MATTER & ENERGY

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. MATTER & ENERGY

  2. KINETIC THEORY • All matter is made of atoms & molecules that act like tiny particles. • Tiny particles are always in motion • Higher temperature, faster particles move • At same temperature, heavier particles move slower than lighter particles

  3. SOLIDS • Have a definite shape • Have a definite volume • Least amount of movement of particles. • Particles arranged in a regular pattern and tightly packed. • Two types

  4. CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS • Have orderly arrangement of molecules. • Diamonds • Iron • ice

  5. AMORPHUS SOLIDS • Atoms or molecules in no particular order • Rubber • Wax • Bubble gum

  6. LIQUIDS • Have an indefinite shape • Have a definite volume • will assume the shape of its container. • Particles are close together but move about freely.

  7. SURFACE TENSION • Force acting on particles at surface of a liquid that causes a liquid to form spherical drops.

  8. GASES Have an indefinite shape Have an indefinite volume Can fill any container

  9. PLASMA • most common form of matter. • makes up over 99% of the visible universe • dangerous, very high energy • found in stars, lightning, fire • Conducts electric current • auroras

  10. AURORAS

  11. ENERGY’S ROLE

  12. THERMAL ENERGY • Total kinetic energy of particles that make up an object. • Depends on number of particles in substance. • Temperature is measure of average kinetic energy.

  13. ENERGY AND CHANGES OF STATE

  14. CHANGE OF STATE • Conversion of substance from one physical form to another. • Aka phase change • Energy of substance changes • Transfer of energy (heat) leads to change of state.

  15. ENDOTHERMIC/EXOTHERMIC REACTIONS • Endothermic = heat energy is absorbed, cools surroundings • Exothermic = heat energy is released, warms surroundings

  16. MELTING • to become altered from a solid to a liquid state usually by heat • endothermic

  17. EVAPORATION • Change of a substance from a liquid to a gas. • boiling • endothermic

  18. CONDENSATION • Change of a gas to a liquid. • exothermic

  19. SUBLIMATION • Changing directly from solid to gas or gas to solid skipping the liquid state. • endothermic • formation of frost/snow & dry ice

  20. FREEZING • Changing from a liquid to a solid. • exothermic

  21. TEMPERATURE CHANGE VS. CHANGE OF STATE • Temperature of substance does not change during change of state. Example • If you add heat to ice at 0⁰, temperature will not rise until ice has melted.

  22. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MATTER • matter cannot be created nor destroyed. • It is just converted from one form to another

  23. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY • Energy cannot be created or destroyed. • Can be converted to another form.

More Related