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Central TIMING

Central TIMING. Overview and basic concepts for AP section. 40 MHz. 10 MHz. CTRP. 1 KHz. Delay. 1PPS. Hardware developments CTG and CTR. GPS. Basic Period 1200/900/600 ms. Event tables. CTSYNC. GPS One pulse per Second. Advanced (100us) One pulse per Second. PLL One pulse

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Central TIMING

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  1. Central TIMING Overview and basic concepts for AP section

  2. 40 MHz 10 MHz CTRP 1 KHz Delay 1PPS Hardware developments CTG and CTR GPS Basic Period 1200/900/600 ms Event tables CTSYNC GPS One pulse per Second Advanced (100us) One pulse per Second PLL One pulse per Second CTGU The new generation low jitter <1ns VME based MTG module Synchronized 1KHz (slow timing clock) Smart clock PLL Phase locked 10MHz RS485 Timing RS485 Timing 40MHz PLL Phase locked 10MHz CERN UTC Time CERN UTC Time Timing receiver Control System Phase looked 40 MHz Event encoding clock UTC time (NTP or GPS) Set once on startup & on Leap Seconds 25ns steps External events

  3. Events on the GMT • 7 events and one millisecond event per millisecond • Each event is a 32-Bit quantity… • Type of event 4-Bits • Timing=CTIM, UTC-Time, Telegram …. • Accelerator 4-Bits • LHC, SPS, CPS, PSB, ADE … • Code 8-Bits • Event-Code, Telegram-Group … • Payload 16-Bits • User, UTC, Telegram-Group-Value …

  4. What is sequencing? • PS is a network of interconnected accelerators with particle beams passing from one machine to another via transfer lines. • Off line organization of these accelerator cycles into sequences that fulfill the operational requirements. • Real time coordination of cycles and beams for transfer rendezvous points in the accelerator network. • Real time response to requests and inhibits that change the running sequence, seamlessly on the fly.

  5. Terminology: The Telegram • The Telegram is a set of parameters (group values !) (PARTY=PROTON, DEST=FTS,….) describing what each accelerator should do in the current and sometimes in the next accelerator cycles. • Each accelerator telegram layout can be different • Telegrams drive the PPM/Multiplexing and SPS Multi-cycling usually via the USER group • They are delivered each basic period. In the LHC Injector Chain [LIC] 1BP = 1.2S for LHC it will most probably be 1S

  6. Terminology: The basic period • The basic-period duration is used to define sequence durations • The basic-period is a duration measured in milliseconds (1200 LIC, 1000 LHC, 100 CTF …) for a given accelerator network • It determines the telegram repetition rate and the control systems refresh rate • all cycle and super-cycle durations are a multiple of the basic-period time • The basic-period is the heart beat of the LIC central timing

  7. Terminology: The CYCLE • Set of basic period • Length = N x Basic Period • Static telegram groups • Their values don’t change within a cycle (USER=SFTPRO) • They are mostly calculated offline (User Matrix) • Dynamic telegram groups • Their values can change from a basic period to another within a cycle • They are mostly calculated in real time EASTA Cycle Basic periods USER=EASTA, PARTY=PROTON,BPNM=1 USER=EASTA, PARTY=PROTON,BPNM=2

  8. Terminology: The CYCLE(2) • Representation • Cycle of 1 BP • Cycle of 2 BP • A cycle is the basic unit of work for a front end processor in LIC, where the PPM/Multiplexing works with cycles USER group value drives PPM SFTPRO EASTC

  9. Terminology: The BEAM • Links cycles together (in the same or different accelerators) • When a beam is played by MTG, all cycles of the beam will be played. • The basic unit of work for the central timing • Decisions taken by the MTG on what to do next are based on beams • Defined by : • Set of cycles • Phase between cycles

  10. Terminology: The BEAM (2) • Representation • Looks like one BP in the editor, but is actually defined in real time by the accelerator phase offsets EASTC CPS Phase EASTA PSB

  11. Strong Coupling Same supercycle length Cycles are strongly connected to create a beam Free supercycle phase PSB,CPS,LEI,SPS Loose Coupling Free supercycle length RT synchronization with machine in strong coupling for beam injection Supercycle can be stopped Occasional injection ADE Strong and Loose coupling LHC is neither of these

  12. Terminology: NORMAL/SPARE • Maximize accelerator up-time.

  13. Terminology: NORMAL/SPARE(2) • Representation SFTPRO Normal CPS Spare ZERO SFTPRO Normal PSB ISOGPS Spare

  14. Terminology: Beam Coordination Diagram • Define the organization of the beams • Beam positions • Normal/Spare relationship • Built using editors • Strong coupling BCD editor • Cycle/Beam/ Compound Operation/BCD builder • ADE editor • The BCD is the result of the merging of BCDs produces by the two editors.

  15. Sequences LHC Fill request Level Switch 32 Levels Lead-In Pulse-Start to 14Gev Main Sequence for Fixed Target Lead-Out Pulse Stop Fixed Target LHC Fill Repeat Lead-In Pulse Start to 26Gev Main Sequence for LHC filling Lead-Out Pulse Stop Sequence Change Lead-in Eject Ramp Pulse Stop Coast Pulse Start Inject, Ramp Main Lead-out

  16. The Sequence Set • Set of BCDs • 16 Sequences • Played Sequence/BCD selected by external conditions • Sequence/BCD change immediately at the end of the supercycle

  17. External Conditions • Comprised of Requests, Inhibits, Interlocks. • They are logic levels 1=Bad, 0=Good • They control the CBCM • Normal Spare • Sequence selection • BCD termination • Can be either hardware or software • Used By FIDO to make decisions on what to do next

  18. Descision Commited Output Stream delay Next info in telegram Next SPS Present SPS SPS SFT SPS MD CPS SFT CPS SFT CPS ADE CPS SPSMD PSB SFT PSB SFT PSB ADE PSB ISO PSB SPSMD Time Footprints and response time Footprint of the Spare <= Footprint of the Normal

  19. FiDo programs • MTG integrates the compiler and the interpreter. • Can be downloaded in real-time

  20. Syntax Example

  21. Decision tree Normal Spare SPS SPS CPS PSB PSB CPS SPS Time

  22. The MTG • Inputs • BCDs • External conditions • Timing description (CTIM) • External timings • FiDo programs • Outputs • Telegrams events • Timing events • Time events • ...

  23. Beam Coordination Diagram editor

  24. Strong Coupling

  25. Injection rendezvous points Loose coupling ADE Start point Function points Eject antiprotons Cooling

  26. Make MTG table The BCD is the result of the merging of BCDs produces by the two editors. BCD

  27. BCD Editor: Rule checker

  28. Sequence Editor

  29. Sequence manager

  30. MTG diagnostic

  31. Timings events (CTIM) • Oracle description (Mapping Event Code Name) • Declare as CTIM equipment module • Machine event • Virtual events (PPM [LIC only]) • Key events • Define the phase between accelerator • Drive CTR/TG8 timings and interrupts for RT task • Validate Telegrams (RPLS)

  32. CTIM (2)

  33. SPS Cycles boundaries & payloads Basic Period Cycle Boundary Beam Cycle Boundary Beam-in Beam-out Field Fixed Target MD-26 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Time 1.2 (0.9) S periods [X n] Beam-In CPS F( cycle ) CPS Beam-Out W-Start Cycle Master Inject (Virtual Event)

  34. Timing events (CTIM) (3) • Controllable by knobs in real-time Key events Virtual event

  35. About the LHC Timing • Basic-Periods don’t mean a lot, but 1S represents UTC • Telegrams don’t mean a lot • Cycle means even less, fixed USER=1 • Little or no PPM/Multiplexing • The LHC timing is machine safety critical, so it must be very simple/reliable and hardware monitored • Response time to operational requests must be very rapid <<100ms • Controlled directly by the LSA sequencer • Need to re-use existing controls infrastructure where possible

  36. About the LHC Timing • Highly interactive, logic is delegated to LSA • Runs/Stops/Aborts several independent asynchronous concurrent event tables on request • Sends event(s) on request • Payloads can be used in non multiplexing contexts • Sends events such as “post-mortem” on external event input • Most data on the LHC timing cable comes from the outside world • Much closer to the LEP than to other cycling machines in the LHC Injector Chain (LIC) • Almost completely decoupled from LIC

  37. LHC Timing, approach • The basic-period is the UTC second. • Implemented as a FESA device controlled directly from LSA • New multi-tasking timing generator hardware card. • Telegram parameters are also events • Hardware monitoring of safe beam parameters

  38. LHC Filling

  39. LHC MTG Energy/Ring Intensity/Ring Safe Beam Flg Beam present Flg Extraction permit Flg BIC Beam permit Flg LSA High level Sequencer Slave/Master LSA Archives LHC MTG Safe Params CMW Server Event Tables FESA LHC API GMT LHC Clocks: 40.00 MHz GPS clock 1PPS (1Hz) clock Basic period clock 2.2 G-Bit / S optical link 64Mb Reflective memories External Events

  40. See TC on Sept 21st LHC Timing will be explained and the implications on the rest of the control system

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