1. EARTHQUAKES How Earthquakes Shape and Alter the Earth’s Surface CLICK ON THE YELLOW CIRCLE TO GO TO THE NEXT SLIDE

2. Many things can change the appearance of Earth’s surface. Landforms can be created and altered by landslides, volcanoes, tsunamis, glaciers, erosion, wind, and earthquakes. Illustration of different types of landforms

3. Before we learn about earthquakes, let’s review what we already know about the layers of the earth. Earth’s Layers

4. Earth is made up of different layers. Some of these layers are solid, some are liquid, and some are both.The outer layer of the earth is called the crust. The crust is the thinnest layer and made mostly of hard rock.

5. The second of Earth’s layers is the mantle. The mantle is very hot, made mostly of solid rock and about 1,800 miles thick. The center of the earth is called the core and is the hottest of Earth’s layers. The core is divided into two sections, the outercore and the inner core.

6. The outer core is a liquid layer of melted nickel and iron. The inner core is made of solid nickel and iron.

7. Let’s ReviewClick on the BOX of the correct Answer The thin outermost layer of the earth is called the _____________________. outer core crust inner core mantle

8. SORRY! Let’s go back to the information to find the answer.

9. The outer layer of the earth is called the crust. The crust is the thinnest layer and made mostly of hard rock. • The second of Earth’s layers is the mantle. The mantle is very hot, made mostly of solid rock and about 1,800 miles thick. • The center of the earth is called the core and is the hottest of Earth’s layers. The core is divided into two sections, the outercore and the inner core. • Are you ready to try again? Click on the circle to go back to • the last question.

10. FANTASTIC! Let’s keep going!

11. The second of Earth’s layers is called the _____________________. • outer core • crust • inner core • mantle t

12. SORRY ! Let’s go back to the information to find the answer.

13. The second of Earth’s layers is the mantle. The mantle is very hot, made mostly of solid rock and about 1,800 miles thick. Are you ready to try again? Click on the yellow circle.

14. THAT’S CORRECT!!! You’re doing a great job!

15. Which layer of the earth is the hottest? the crust the mantle the core

17. The center of the earth is called the core and is the hottest of Earth’s layers. The core is divided into two sections, the outer coreand the inner core. • Are you ready to try again? Click on the yellow circle.

18. WAY TO GO!!! Keep up the good work!

19. Which of the following statements is true? The mantle of the earth is made of solid nickel and iron. The crust of the earth is made of solid nickel and iron. The inner core is made of solid nickel and iron.

21. The outer core is a liquid layer of melted nickel and iron. • The inner core is made of solid nickel and iron. • Are you ready to try again? Click on the circle to go back to • the last question.

22. GREAT JOB!You are now ready to begin learning about earthquakes.

23. It is estimated that there are approximately 500,000 detectable earthquakes in the world each year. Most earthquakes go unfelt but 100,000 of them are strong enough for citizens of an area to feel.Only about 100 earthquakes per year are actually strong enough to cause damage. Fact: Source: U.S. Geological Survey

24. What Are Earthquakes? Earthquakes are the sudden, rapid shaking of the Earth caused by the breaking and shifting of rock beneath the Earth’s surface. They areEarth’s natural means of releasing stress.

25. What Causes an Earthquake? Illustration of the various plates and the direction in which they move, The outside of the Earth is called the crust. This crust is not solid like most people think. It is made up of about 20 different pieces called plates. The Earth’s plates float on a layer of hot, melted rock called magma.

26. The place where two plates come together is called a fault line. Most earthquakes occur along a fault line. This is a picture taken from high in the sky of a fault line where the two plates have smashed together, thrusting the surface of the earth upwards to form a mountain range.

27. The rocky edges of the plates are jagged and rough and don’t always slide smoothly past each other. When this happens the plates get stuck and stress builds up deep below Earth’s surface. Eventually Earth’s plates break apart with a huge jerk. This is what causes an earthquake!

28. LET’S REVIEWCLICK ON THE BOX OF THE CORRECT ANSWER What are earthquakes? An imaginary circle around the center of the earth. The sudden, rapid shaking of the earth. A cone shaped mountain that sprays out molten rock.

29. Good Guess But Not Quite • Let’s go back to the information to find the answer.

30. What Are Earthquakes? • Earthquakes are the sudden, rapid shaking of the Earth caused • by the breaking and shifting of rock beneath the Earth’s surface. • They are Earth’s natural means of releasing stress. • Are you ready to try again? Click on the circle to go back to • the last question.

31. GREAT JOB!!! Let’s keep going!

32. The Earth’s crust is made up of _____________________. many pieces called plates hot, melted rock puzzle pieces

34. What Causes an Earthquake? • The outside of the Earth is called the crust. This crust is not solid like most people think. It is made up of about 20 different pieces calledplates. The Earth’s plates float on a layer of hot, melted rock called magma. • Are you ready to try again? Click on the circle to go back to • the last question.

35. CORRECT!!! Let’s try another question

36. Earth’s plates are always in motion because they float on a layer of hot, melted rock called __________________ . lava magma mantle

37. Let’s go back to the information to find the answer.

38. The outside of the Earth is called the crust. This crust is not solid like most people think. It is made up of about 20 different pieces calledplates. The Earth’s plates float on a layer of hot, melted rock called magma. • Are you ready to try again? Click on the circle to go back to • the last question.

39. WAY TO GO!!! Keep up the good work

40. Where do most earthquakes happen? On a mountain Under the ocean Where two plates meet

42. The place where two plates come together is called a • fault line. Most earthquakes occur along a fault line. • Are you ready to try again? Click on the circle to go back to • the last question.

43. YOU ROCK!!! You’re doing a great job

44. The place where two plates come together is called _________________________ . the equator a fault line tectonic plates

46. Are you ready to try again? Click on the circle to go back to • the last question.

47. VERY GOOD!!! You’re doing a great job

48. LET’S STOP AND WATCH A VIDEO http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wNig4aqGVHs This is a very good video about earthquakes from YouTube. Click on the big to be taken to the video. When the video ends, minimize the YouTube screen to come back to this page.

49. Wasn’t that a great video? Let’s continue with our last two sections.

50. Although earthquakes occur all over the world, most take place along an earthquake belt. There are three large areas or zones on our planet where the majority of destructive earthquakes occur. Where Do Most Earthquakes Occur?