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Enzymes in Industry. The commercial uses of enzymes. Enzymes synthesized by bacterial and fungal cells have been used for processes like brewing, baking and cheese manufacture. Enzymes are used in biological washing powders.
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The commercial uses of enzymes • Enzymes synthesized by bacterial and fungal cells have been used for processes like brewing, baking and cheese manufacture.
Enzymes are used in biological washing powders • Proteases break down the coloured, insoluble proteins that cause stains (e.g. blood and egg) to smaller, colourless soluble polypeptides. • Lipases break down fats in grease stains (e.g. Butter and mayonnaise) • Can wash at lower temperatures • Enzymes do not harm the environment
Enzymes are used in the food industry • Pectinase break down substances in apple cell walls and enable greater juice extraction. • Lactase breaks down lactose in milk into glucose and galactose. This makes milk drinkable for lactose intolerant people.
amylase secreted Enzymes are used in seed germination starch embryo plant absorbed maltose
Use of microorganisms and fermenters to manufacture enzymes for use in biological washing powder • Fungi and bacteria can be used to manufacture enzymes. • The fermenter is a large, sterile container with a stirrer, a pipe to add feedstock (nutrients), and air pipes to blow air into the mixture. • The temperature is maintained at around 260 C and a pH of 5-6.
