47 XYY Syndrome

1. 47 XYY Syndrome Stash Fera Mutations Technical Biology Mr. Bouchette

2. Summary Layout Introduction Diagnosis What tests can be done to detect 47 XYY Syndrome? What are the signs that indicate you have 47 XYY Syndrome? 47 XYY Syndrome What Is 47 XYY Syndrome? What treatment plans are available to treat 47 XYY Syndrome? What is the outcome for people with 47 XYY Syndrome? Symptoms Treatment Prognosis

3. Introduction 47XYY Syndrome Definition of XYY Syndrome According to the Stedman’s Medical Dictionary XYY Syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality characterized by the occurrence of one X-chromosome and two Y-chromosomes.   Description The XYY syndrome was in the past was considered the super-male syndrome. Men with this condition were thought to be overly hostile and more likely to become criminals. These original conceptions came about because several researchers in the 1960s found a high number of men with XYY syndrome in prisons and mental facilities. Based on these findings, men with XYY syndrome were labeled as overly aggressive and likely to be criminals. The original observations did not take into consideration that the majority of males with XYY syndrome were not in prisons or mental institutes. Since then, less biased studies have been done on males with XYY syndrome. Sadly, some text books and many people still believe the incorrect stereotype of the super-male syndrome.

4. Introduction 47XYY Syndrome Genetic Profile Chromosomes are structures in the cells that contain genes. Genes are responsible for telling our bodies how to grow and develop. As a rule, an individual person has 46 chromosomes in his or her cells, which would be 23 pairs. The first 22 pairs are the same in males and females. The last pair, which are the sex chromosomes, consist of two X chromosomes in a female, and an X chromosome and a Y chromosome in a male. XYY syndrome occurs when an extra Y chromosome is present in the cells of an affected individual. People with XYY syndrome are always male. The fault that causes the extra Y chromosome can occur in the fertilizing sperm or in the developing embryo. XYY is not considered a heredity condition. An inherited condition usually is one in which either the mother or father has an variation in a gene on chromosome that can be passed onto their children. Typically, in an inherited condition, there is an increased chance that the condition will happen again. The possibility of the condition reoccurring in another pregnancy is not increased above the general population incidence.  Demographics YY syndrome has an incidence of one in 1,000 newborn males. However, since many males with XYY syndrome look like other males without XYY syndrome, many males are never identified.

5. Symptoms 47XYY Syndrome List of Symptoms (mentioned in various sources) • Tall stature • Learning disability • Delayed speech • Delayed language skills • Developmental delays • Behavioral problems • Large teeth • Weakness • Poor fine motor coordination • Prominent glabella • Asymmetrical face • Long ears • Sunken chest • Severe adolescent nodulocystic acne

6. Treatment 47XYY Syndrome Treatment for 47 XYY The treatment and management for most men with XYY syndrome is not indicated. Though, early detection and involvement of learning disabilities and behavior difficulties is necessary.  Speech therapy, physical therapy, and occupational therapy may be supportive for males with XYY syndrome. Males with XYY syndrome are at danger in hectic environments. That is why a supportive and stimulating home life is important.

7. Prognosis 47XYY Syndrome Prognosis for 47 XYY  Most males who have learning disabilities and/or behavior problems due to XYY syndrome have an excellent prognosis. Learning disabilities are mild and the most affected males learn how to control their impulsiveness and other behavior problems. XYY syndrome does not shorten lifespan.

8. Karyotype from a male with 47 XYY

9. References • XYY syndrome. Dictionary.com. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary. Houghton Mifflin Company.http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/XYY syndrome(accessed: February 21, 2011). • Carin Lea Beltz, MS. "XYY Syndrome." 2002. Healthline: Connect to a Better Health. 20 February 2011 <http://www.healthline.com/galecontent/xyy-syndrome>.