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C4- Population Biology

C4- Population Biology. Sections 1, 2 Pp. 90-109. S1- Population Dynamics. MAKE foldable p. 91 Principles of Population Growth 1. How fast? Resembles j-shaped curve Fig 4.2 when exponential or unlimited. 2. Limits - Availability of food, disease, predators, lack of space (S-shaped)

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C4- Population Biology

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  1. C4- Population Biology Sections 1, 2 Pp. 90-109

  2. S1- Population Dynamics • MAKE foldable p. 91 • Principles of Population Growth 1. How fast?Resembles j-shaped curve Fig 4.2 when exponential or unlimited. 2. Limits- Availability of food, disease, predators, lack of space (S-shaped) 3. Carrying Capacity- number of org environment can support indefinitely

  3. Population curves

  4. B. Reproduction Patterns • Life history 1. Rapid- reproduce rapidly, produce many offspring in short period of time Ex. Mosquitoes

  5. B. Reproduction Patterns • Life history 1. Rapid-common among org from changeable env b. Small size & short life span C. Pop increase rapidly then decline when conditions unsuitable

  6. B. Reproduction Patterns 2. Slow-rate of repro produce few offspring over long lifetime. Ex. Elephant a. Stable environmt b. Mature slowly but long-lived c. Maintain pop at or nr carrying capacity

  7. B. Reproduction Patterns • Density Factors b. Density-independent- affects pop regardless of density Ex. Abiotic factors-volcanic eruptions, temp, storms, floods, drought, pesticide, habitat disruption

  8. C. Organism Interactions Limit Population Size • Predation between populations • Competition within population a. for food, water, & territory When pop low, resources build up; When pop increases so demand exceeds supply, then pop size decreases b. Effects of crowding & stress include:

  9. C. Organism Interactions Limit Population Size b. Effects of crowding & stress include: aggression, decrease in parental care, decreased fertility & decreased resistance to disease

  10. C. Organism Interactions Limit Population Size b. Effects of crowding & stress include: aggression, decrease in parental care, decreased fertility & decreased resistance to disease

  11. 4.2 Human Population A. World Population- Demography- study of human pop size, density & distribution, movement, birth & death rates.

  12. Demography • 1. Growth rate affected by disease eradication, food production methods, tech developments. a. Birthrate- no. of live births per 1000 pop in a given year b. Death rate- no. of deaths per 1000 pop in a given year c. immigration d. emigration (Birthrate +Immigration rate) – (Death rate+ Emigration rate) = Pop Growth Rate (PGR)

  13. Demography • 2. Effect of Positive Growth Rate- unless growth rate becomes negative, pop continues to grow

  14. Demography • 3. Doubling Time- time needed for pop to double a. Developed Country has SLOW DT b. Developing Country has RAPID DT <http://zebu.uoregon.edu/2003/es202/jcurve.jpg>

  15. 4. Age Structure- Proportions of pop in different age levels

  16. 4.Age Structure Graph • Tells males & females at each age level • Stable- percentages are fairly equal • Rapid growth- Wide base of youth in graph.

  17. 4. Age Structure- Proportions of pop in different age levels

  18. 5 Ecology and Growth • What do populations need? a. Uncontaminated water b. Adequate Sewage facilities c. Ability to provide food d. Maintaining healthy conditions by controlling disease

  19. Population Needs India on the Ganges River above; Young and old populations have different needs.

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