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Chapter 16

Chapter 16. The Special Senses. Smell. Taste. Effects of Different tastes on neurons. Eye terminology. Lacrimal apparatus Lysozymes Meibomian glands Extrinsic eye muscles. Tunics. Fibrous tunic Cornea (cover) Sclera (white Vascular Tunic Choroid (vascular) Iris (colored)

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Chapter 16

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  1. Chapter 16 The Special Senses

  2. Smell

  3. Taste

  4. Effects of Different tastes on neurons

  5. Eye terminology • Lacrimal apparatus • Lysozymes • Meibomian glands • Extrinsic eye muscles

  6. Tunics Fibrous tunic • Cornea (cover) • Sclera (white Vascular Tunic • Choroid (vascular) • Iris (colored) • Ciliary body (muscle) • Pupil (light regulation) Retina • Photoreceptor layer • Rods and cones • Fovea centralis • Optic disc

  7. Responses of Pupil to Light

  8. Normal Retina

  9. Refraction of Light Rays

  10. Rods and ConesRods for B & W vision (120 million)Cones for color vision (6 million)Most in the Fovea

  11. Image Formation • Refraction of Light Rays • Accommodation of the Lens • Constriction of the Pupil • Convergence

  12. Image Problems • Cataracts • Age-related macular disease • Presbyopia (loss of lens elasticity) • Color Blindness • Light and dark adaptation

  13. Hearing and Equilibrium

  14. Otoliths

  15. Words to Know • Cataracts Conjuctivitis • Glaucoma Keratitis • Deafness Otalgia • Meniere’s syndrome Tinnitus • Otitis media Vertigo • Anosmia Myopia • Blepharitis Hypermetropia • Astigmatism Presbyopia

  16. More Words • Hyposmia • Gustation • Taste aversion

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