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Plant Structures and Functions

Plant Structures and Functions. Stems. All stems look very similar, but upon closer observation there are many differences!. Functions of Stems. Support and position leaves Responsible for size and shape of plant Transport water, minerals and food Green stems produce food .

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Plant Structures and Functions

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  1. Plant StructuresandFunctions

  2. Stems • All stems look very similar, but upon closer observation there are many differences!

  3. Functions of Stems • Support and position leaves • Responsible for size and shape of plant • Transport water, minerals and food • Green stems produce food

  4. Specialized Stems • Bulbs • Short flattened stem which has several fleshy leaves. Bulbs are found beneath the soil. • Onions, Tulips • Corm • Spherical structure similar to a bulb • Gladiolus

  5. Specialized Stems • Rhizome • Thick underground stem which lies horizontally. • Mother in Law’s Tongue • Stolon • Horizontal stem which lies above the ground (often called runners). • Strawberry runners

  6. Specialized Stems • Tuber: Rhizome with a tip swollen with stored food • Potatoes

  7. Functions of Leaves • Produce food for the plants • Photosynthesis • Carry out Transpiration • May store food

  8. Leaf Parts • Leaf Blade • Large, broad, flat surface whose job is to collect sunlight • Petiole • Supports the leaf and holds it away from the stem • Midrib • Main vein running down the center of the leaf. It helps hold the leaf so it is facing the sun

  9. Vein Patterns • Parallel • Veins never cross • Found in monocots • Netted • Veins form a network • Found in dicots

  10. Leaf Types • Simple Leaf • Has only one leaf on the petiole • Compound Leaf • A leaf with multiple blades.

  11. Leaf Arrangement • Leaf spacing and arrangement varies • Three major types • Alternate • Opposite • Whorled • Draw all 3 in your • notes

  12. Reproductive Parts • Seed • Formed by fertilized ovules • New, diversified plant life • Fruit • Plant ovaries • Protect and nourish seed

  13. Reproductive Parts • Flower • Contains Reproductive organs • Produce pollen and ovules • Fertilization occurs when pollen unites with ovules

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