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This unit explores the phonetic properties of nasal consonants, approximants, and laterals. The nasal sounds /m/, /n/, and /ŋ/ are created by closing the vocal tract, allowing resonance through the nasal cavity. Approximants like /w/, /j/, and /r/ involve articulators that come close but don't fully obstruct airflow, leading to a non-complete consonant. The lateral /l/ allows airflow along the sides of the tongue. Exercises focus on pronunciation contrasts, allophonic variations, and syllable formations with clear and dark /l/ sounds.
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Unit 4 Nasals, Approximants & Lateral(s) /m, n, N / /w, j, r / / l /
Nasals, Approximants & Lateral(s) Like the stops, the nasals are all made by closing the vocal tract at some point in the mouth. Unlike the stops or any other sounds in the language, there is an opening into the nasal cavity in the pronunciation so that the sound can be resonated through the nose. The nasal consonants are /m/, /n/, and //. /w/, /r/, and /j/ are called approximants because it is an articulation in which the articulators approach each other but do not get sufficiently close to each other to produce a "complete" consonant such as a stop, nasal or fricative. /l/ is called a "lateral" because during its pronunciation, the passage of air through the mouth does not go in the usual way along the centre of the tongue
/l/-/r/ ，/r/和 ri (日)对比 练习:/liru/ & /luri/rural, lull, really, leery
Allophonic variations of /l/ Syllabic syllable: bottle "Clear-l", made with the tongue in the classical fronted position: lease "Dark-l", (the tongue tip and blade in the post alveolar position): call Devoiced in consonant clusters with voiceless stops: play The post-palatal, or velar /l/: milk
