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Civilization

Civilization. About 5,000 years ago something profound happened…. Where were these ancient civilizations?. Most are in river valleys Location near the equator. What is Civilization?. Civilizations have these five components: Advanced Cities Specialized Workers Complex Institutions

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Civilization

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  1. Civilization About 5,000 years ago something profound happened…

  2. Where were these ancient civilizations? • Most are in river valleys • Location near the equator

  3. What is Civilization? • Civilizations have these five components: • Advanced Cities • Specialized Workers • Complex Institutions • Record Keeping • Advanced Technology

  4. Advanced Cities • Monuments • Irrigation • Walls

  5. Specialized Workers & Complex Institutions Specialized Workers • Bureaucrats • Soldiers • Priests • Merchants Complex Institution • Government • Armies • Religion • Trade

  6. Complex Institutions - Religion • Animism – belief that forces of nature are inhabited by spirits. • Myths – stories to explain the working of the world. • Need to keep in mind that they didn’t view them as stories, but as facts. • Polytheism – Religion with multiple deities. • Monotheism – Religion with one deity.

  7. Record Keeping - Writing • Pictograph – symbols using pictures • Cuneiform – wedge shaped symbols • Hieroglyph – combination of ideograms (represent things) and phonograms (represent sounds).

  8. Record Keeping - Writing Benefits • Bureaucracy • Trade • Communication • Preservation of Knowledge Keep in mind that VERY few people could read or write.

  9. Advanced Technology • Bronze • 3,000 to 1,200 BCE • Combination of copper and tin. • Wheel • Sailboat • Calendar • Plow

  10. Disadvantages of Civilization • Writing laws formalized the inequality between men and women. • Trade increased divisions in social structure. • More people, new technology and government allowed the creation of armies.

  11. The Development of Civilization... • Belief Systems • Rulers • Culture • Laws

  12. Our goal for the first semester is to trace the early paths of “civilized” humans Egypt Mesopotamia These are the early sources of “western civilization.”

  13. Mesopotamia and Egypt paved the way for: Rome Greece The United States is a product of western civilization. We can trace our religion, laws, and political ideas to these cultures. Also known as Greco-Roman.

  14. The fall of Rome led to… The Middle Ages Here we’ll look at Judeo-Christian and Islamic Culture.

  15. Finally, eastern civilizationswill also be studied: India China

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