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Urban Patterns: Definitions and Models

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  1. Clicker Questions Chapter 13 Urban Patterns Tim ScharksGreen River College

  2. Which of the following urban definitions covers the largest extent? • urbanized area • urban cluster • municipality • metropolitan statistical area • micropolitan statistical area

  3. Which of the following is less likely to be found in the central business district (CBD)? • sports facilities and convention centers • retail services with high thresholds • advertising, banking, and finance business services • retail services serving CBD workers • business services in law

  4. Because of the competition for land in the CBD, • manufacturing facilities are built there. • land uses commonly found elsewhere are found there too. • most of it is used for residences. • land is relatively inexpensive. • skyscrapers are built.

  5. The model of urban structure resembling a series of rings is called the • sector model. • multiple nuclei model. • concentric zone model. • super model. • peripheral model.

  6. The distribution of ethnicities in North American cities tends to follow the • multiple nuclei model. • peripheral model. • concentric zone model. • edge city model. • sector model.

  7. Compared to North American CBDs, European CBDs tend to have less/fewer • residences. • consumer services. • public services. • skyscrapers. • open space.

  8. European colonial powers either built new cities to administer the colony or • created new buildings on empty lots in the old city. • demolished a precolonial city to build a new one. • invited bids from local architects. • respected the urban geography already in place. • left all administration to the colonial residents.

  9. Geographers examining urban areas in developing countries • most often use the sector model. • most often use the multiple nuclei model. • have variously found concentric zone, multiple nuclei, and sector models to be useful. • discovered there is no CBD in many of these cities. • have found that none of the models is a good fit for these cities.

  10. The central plaza in Mexico City, called the Zócalo, was • built by Emperor Maximilian. • created at independence. • built in the 1970s as part of the Paseo de la Reforma. • part of the Aztec city Tenochtitlán. • laid out by Spanish colonizers.

  11. Because of the issues regarding suburban growth, some cities have adopted policies called • smart growth. • annexation. • consolidation. • municipal code. • fragmentation.

  12. Harris’ peripheral model conceptualizes the city as • having a low density gradient in the center. • encircled by a beltway or ring road. • featuring extensive areas of low-density suburbs. • having service nodes along an outer road. • All of the above are part of the peripheral model.

  13. Suburban segregation in the United States may be legally enforced by • different groups preferring different neighborhoods. • social class through zoning ordinances. • the suburbanization of services. • different ethnicities being banned from some areas of the city. • None of the above; it is illegal to enforce segregation.

  14. Public transport in the United States • is at an all-time high. • today depends mostly on trains. • has fueled the rise of suburbs. • reached its peak in the 1940s. • is generally well-supplied in most U.S. cities.

  15. Private motor vehicle ownership in the United States is encouraged by all but • comfort, choice, and flexibility. • road congestion. • drivers’ perceived low costs. • government highway subsidies. • desire for suburban homes.

  16. Compared to the suburbs, inner-city neighborhoods feature lower levels of • homelessness. • crime. • services like police and fire protection. • municipal finances to pay for services. • income.

  17. One disadvantage of gentrification is • that low-income people may be forced out. • inner-city living for downtown workers. • living close to consumer services like theaters and stadiums. • attractive older housing. • subsidized loans or tax breaks to purchase and renovate older housing.

  18. To develop sustainably, cities around the world must • reduce population growth in the CBD. • secure more fossil fuel energy resources. • develop energy-conserving transportation solutions. • decrease the percentage of the population living in urban areas. • move away from electric power.

  19. All of the following are ways to reduce traffic congestion except • congestion charges in city centers during daytime hours. • driving more plug-in hybrid vehicles. • bans on cars in some central areas of cities. • freeway tolls that increase during congested times. • requiring permits to drive downtown.

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