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Erosion, & Types of Weathering

Erosion, & Types of Weathering. Chapter 10. Erosion. A process where water, wind, or gravity transports soil (sediment) from its source. The process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces There are 2 main types, chemical & Physical. Weathering. Mechanical Weathering.

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Erosion, & Types of Weathering

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  1. Erosion, & Types of Weathering Chapter 10

  2. Erosion A process where water, wind, or gravity transports soil (sediment) from its source

  3. The process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces • There are 2 main types, chemical & Physical Weathering

  4. Mechanical Weathering • The break down of rock into smaller pieces due to physical means • Frost wedging (water freezing in rock cracks) • Abrasion (other rocks or sediment rubbing against rock.)

  5. Chemical Weathering • Rocks break as a result of a chemical change • Acid rain • Chemical decomposition • Gases in the air (oxidation)

  6. Deposition • Is the process where material lays to rest • Sediment is deposited in bodies of water and on land

  7. Chapter 6 The Rock Record ? ? ?

  8. Sedimentary Rock Layers • This is a normal record of rock. Layers are undisturbed. The Geologic Column is a model of what rock layers should look like.

  9. Uniformitarianism • A principle or rule that states that events that happened in the past can be explained by current earth (geologic) processes • Earth Processes like erosion, weathering, and deposition remain uniformed and do not change.

  10. Catastrophism • A principle that states that geologic changes happen suddenly. (natural disasters) • They believed the Earth was only a few thousand years old. • Catastrophic events formed the Earth, created volcanoes, mountains, oceans, etc.

  11. Relative Dating • Determines which comes first. Determining if rock layers are older or younger • Compare them to undisturbed rock around the world

  12. Principle of Superposition • A principle or rule that states that younger rocks lie above older rocks in un-disturbed sequences • As you move from top of rock layers to the bottom the rock layers get older

  13. SUPERPOSITION

  14. Uplift • movement within the Earth that moves rocks to the surface

  15. Unconformities • Is a disturbance in the layer of a rock. • Represents thousands, to millions of years in missing time in the layers of a rock • Can be created through: • Erosion and weathering (p159, figure 4) • Faulting- (earthquakes) • Folding (anticlines, synclines, and monoclines) • Tilting • intrusion

  16. Rock Intrusion • A layer of molten rock (hardened magma) from the Earth’s interior that squeezes into existing rock and then cools. • Melts surrounding layers • Interrupts the rock time scale.

  17. Types of Unconformities • Disconformity – part of a parallel rock layer is missing. (Layers may be eroded away and deposited elsewhere) • Nonconformity- horizontal sedimentary rock layers lay on the eroded surface of intrusive igneous rocks or metamorphic rocks • Angular unconformity- rocks are tilted or folded due to earthquakes or uplift (p 160)

  18. Erosion Weathering Uplift Deforestation Mechanical weathering Chemical weathering Relative dating Uniformitarianism Superposition Intrusion Catastrophism Un-conformity Strip Mining Frost Wedging Abrasion Terms

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