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Reflections on the Founders

Reflections on the Founders. Melissa Dappen, MS, OTR/L OCC 502: History and Philosophy of Occupational Therapy June 28, 2010. Agenda. Factors and Influences that lead the creation of Occupational Therapy Founding Date: March 15, 1917 Overviews of the Founders and other Major Figures

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Reflections on the Founders

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  1. Reflections on the Founders Melissa Dappen, MS, OTR/L OCC 502: History and Philosophy of Occupational Therapy June 28, 2010

  2. Agenda • Factors and Influences that lead the creation of Occupational Therapy • Founding Date: March 15, 1917 • Overviews of the Founders and other Major Figures • Conclusion

  3. Hull House • Jane Adams • Settlement House • Improve Neighborhood Life • Chicago Arts & Crafts Society (1897) • Based on John Dewey’s Experiential Learning Theory

  4. The Woodcarver of ‘Lymos Weller (1904) Occupational activities help the protagonist overcome depression from being permanently injured

  5. National Committee on Mental Hygiene (1909) Clifford Beers • Reform human condition at hospitals • Individualized hospital care • Occupational assistance • Recreation • Home-like atmosphere

  6. World War I • Return injured soldiers to work • High TB incidence rates • Gen. John Pershing

  7. World War I & OT NSPOT • Promotion • Engagement • Validate success National Society for Promotion of Occupational Therapy

  8. The Founders • Susan Tracy (not pictured) • Thomas Kidner • Eleanor Clarke Slagle • Isabel Newton • George Barton • Susan Johson • William Rush Dunton

  9. March 15, 1917 • The National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy is founded • Renamed AOTA in 1921

  10. What else was happening in 1917?

  11. What did the Founders discuss? • Deleterious effects of idleness • Medicine and science versus teaching • Economic versus altruism • Standards

  12. Susan Tracy • FOUNDER • Nurse who is considered the first OT • Noticed the pleasing effects of occupations on patients • Therapist does not need to be a nurse • Physicians should prescribe work

  13. George Barton • FOUNDER • Architect with a background in Nursing • Spends a year in sanitarium with TB • Left side of body becomes paralyzed • Need for therapy – return to productive life • Therapist should be a nurse • Therapist should teach Arts & Crafts

  14. William Rush Dunton, Jr. FOUNDER Psychiatrist Bring in craftsmen to work with patients First president of NSPOT Need for • Training courses for nurses • Physician’s use and support • Treat OT scientifically

  15. Herbert J. Hall • NEAR FOUNDER • Doctor with an MD from Harvard • OT=the science of prescribed work • Need for nursing • Teachers w/out a medical background can not understand of mess up a diagnosis • Nurses are the ideal teachers because they can work with doctors to solve the ‘whole problem’

  16. Julia Lathrop • Teacher • Chicago School of Civics and Philanthropy • Designed courses in curative occupations and recreations to nurses • Experiential Learning

  17. Eleanor Clark Slagle • NEAR FOUNDER • Teacher/ Social Worker • Worked with patients with Mental Illness • Habit training • Director: Henry B. Favill School of Occupations Courses • Medical Treatment • Physiological Treatment • Psychological Treatment • Sociological Treatment • Arts & Crafts and Recreation Education

  18. Susan Cox Johnson • FOUNDER • High School Arts & Crafts Teacher • The field of OT was dominated by teachers over nurses • Taught courses at Columbia University • OTs need an education curriculum that include • Therapeutic Techniques • Psychology classes • Medical classes

  19. Thomas Bessel Kidner • FOUNDER • Canadian Architect • AOTA President for 6 terms • Developed minimum standards for OT education • Promoted continual study • Strengthened the profession’s credibility and accountability

  20. Thanks for Having Me!

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